摘要
试验以‘春雪’桃为材料,研究了果实转色期叶面喷施钾(K)、镁(Mg)、钙(Ca)肥对桃果实着色、果实品质及着色相关基因表达的影响。结果表明,桃果实在生长发育过程中,各处理的果皮色度角h值、叶绿素含量、类黄酮含量总体呈下降趋势,而花色苷含量和可溶性固形物含量总体呈上升趋势。喷肥处理在果实发育后期(S5期)效果显著,对于果皮色度角h值,Ca处理时降到最低(20.43),显著低于对照;叶绿素含量,Ca、Mg+Ca处理分别为对照的43.3%和48.1%;类黄酮含量,Mg+Ca、K+Mg+Ca处理分别比对照低30.8%和23.2%;花色苷含量,喷肥处理均显著高于对照;可溶性固形物含量,Ca处理比对照高29.3%;喷肥处理对果实大小和形状影响不大。此外,喷肥处理可以增强着色相关基因DFR、LDOX、UFGT的表达,其中Ca、Mg+Ca处理在S5期时UFGT基因的表达量是对照的2.54倍和2.18倍。研究表明,叶面喷施钾、镁和钙肥可以在一定程度上改善桃果实着色,提高果实品质,Mg+Ca和Ca处理在改善春雪桃果实着色和品质方面效果最佳。
Chunxue＇ peach was used as test material. The effects of spraying K, Mg and Ca foliar fer- tilizers during fruit coloring period on coloration, quality and expression of genes ~lated to the synthesis of an- thocyanin we~ investigated. The ~sults showed that the h -value, chlorophyll content and flavonoid content of pericalp showed decreasing trends during the growth and development of peach fruits on the whole, while the anthocyan content and soluble solid content showed increasing trends. The effect of spraying foliar fertilizer was significant at later stage of fruit development. Above all, after application of Ca fertilizer, the h - value of perical]~ dropped to the lowest value （20.43） at S5 stage, which was significantly lower than that of CK; the content of chlorophyll in peach skins treated with Ca and Mg ＋ Ca was 43.3 % and 48.1% same as that of control at S5 stage; the flavonoid content of pericarp treated with Mg ＋ Ca and K ＋ Mg ＋ Ca was 30.8% and 23.2% lower than that of control at S5 stage; the anthocyan content after spraying foliar fertilizer was obvious- ly higher compared with that of control at S5 stage. The soluble solids content of peach treated with Ca was29.3 % higher than that of control. The effect of fertilizer treatment on fruit size and shape was not significant. Furthemlore, spraying fertilizer could enhance the expression of DFR, LDOX and UFGT genes related to the synthesis of anthocyanin. The UFGT gene expression in peach skins treated with Ca and Mg ＋ Ca was 2.54 and 2.18 times ~spectively of that of control at S5 stage. In conclusion, foliar application of K, Ca and Mg fertilizer could improve the fruit coloration and quality of Chunxue peach, in which, Mg ＋ Ca and Ca were the most effective.
作者
何平
李林光
王海波
常源升
He Ping;Li Linguang;Wang Haibo;Chang Yuanshen(Shandong Institute of Pomology,Taian 271000,China)
出处
《山东农业科学》
2018年第10期89-94,共6页
Shandong Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-30-Z-08)
山东省农业重大应用技术创新课题(2014-38)
山东省农业科学院农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2016B07)
关键词
桃
叶面喷肥
钾
镁
钙
着色
品质
着色相关基因
Peach
Foliar fertilizer
K
Mg
Ca
Coloration
Quality
Coloring related gene
