摘要
目的了解健身场所健身人群的运动营养认知、态度及行为现况,为提高健身人群的运动营养知识水平,改善其饮食行为提供科学依据。方法随机选取重庆市渝中区4家健身房/会所,将其健身会员共计200名作为调查对象并对其进行问卷调查,对所得数据进行统计分析。结果 175人(87.5%)认同蛋白质是肌肉修复的主要物质;64人(32.0%)错误认为下午5点后吃高碳水化合物会使人发胖;还有146人(73.0%)错误认为运动时肌肉能量主要来自蛋白质。针对"膳食营养对于运动能力的重要性"这一问题,153人(76.5%)认为非常重要,44人(22.0%)认为重要,仅3人(1.5%)认为并不重要,但配合健身运动特别制定饮食计划的调查对象仅39人(19.5%)。调查对象参与健身运动以来,特别注意调整三大供能营养素比例者共74人(37.0%),而有100人(50.0%)仅凭经验少吃不健康的食物,还有26人(13.0%)没有采取任何改变。调查对象的运动营养信息来源途径多为"手机、网络"(178人,89.0%),他们比较需要的运动营养信息按人数比例依次为瘦身减肥(79.0%)、日常饮食搭配(78.5%)、增肌(66.0%)、食物的烹调制作(52.5%)、零食的合理选择(51.0%)及运动中的饮料选择(46.0%)。结论健身场所健身人群对运动营养知识的掌握并不全面,但普遍对运动营养持积极态度,而有效提高他们的运动营养知识水平,并促成其实现积极态度向健康行为的转变,还需要健身业界、健身者与营养专业人士共同努力。
Objective To investigate the current status of sports nutrition related knowledge, attitude and practice among bodybuilding populations from gyms or fitness centers, so as to provide scientific evidence to enhance the sports nutrition knowledge level of bodybuilding populations and improve their dietary behaviors. Methods A to tal of 200 meembers from 4 randomly selected fitness centers or gyms in Yuzhong District, Chongqing participated in this questionnaire based survey. Data were collected and statistically analyzed. Results One hundred and sev enty five respondents （87.5%） agreed that ＂protein plays a major role in muscle repair＂; 64（32.0%） had a mis understanding that ＂intake of high carbohydrate foods after 5pm would increase weight＂; 146（73.0%） had a ntis understanding that ＂muscle energy is mainly derived from protein during sporting＂. As for the ＂importance of di etary nutrition for exercise ability＂, 153 respondents （76.5 Y0） chose ＂very important＂, 44 （22.0 %） chose ＂ira portant＂, and 3 （ 1.5%） believed ＂this was not important＂. However, only 39 respondents （ 19.5%） complied with the dietary plan specifically designed for fitness exercise. Since their participation in fitness exercise, 74 re spondents （37.0%） reported that they paid particular attention to adjusting the ratio of the three capacity nutri ents; 100（50.0%） ate less unhealthy food merely based on their experience; and 26（13.0%） did not make any di etary changes. Their main source of information about sports nutrition was ＂mobile phone and lnternet＂ （178, 89.0%） , and their main interests in sports nutrition related knowledge included weight loss （79.0%） , dai ly dietary regimen （78.5%）, muscle mass increase （66.0%）, food cooking （52.5%）, proper selection of snacks （51.0Y0） and sports beverages （46.0Y0）. Conclusion The bodybuilding populations from gyms or fitness centers have an incomplete understanding of sports nutrition, but generally hold a positive attitude towards sports nutrition. The fitness industry, body builders, and nutritionists should work together to effectively enhance the sports nutrition knowledge level and promote the transformation from positive attitude to healthy behaviors.
作者
李轰烈
李继斌
Li Honglie;Li Jibin(School of Public Health and Management,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;Research Center for Medical and Social Development,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China;Innovation Center for Social Risk Governance in Health,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)
出处
《保健医学研究与实践》
2018年第5期25-29,共5页
Health Medicine Research and Practice
关键词
健身运动
运动营养
知识态度行为
Fitness exercise
Sports nutrition
Knowledge
attitude and practice
