摘要
檀香紫檀是世界著名顶级红木树种之一,其心材主要应用于高档家具、乐器、细木工及雕刻制作,其心材、树皮和种子的提取物具抗糖尿病、抗癌、护肝等功效,药用价值极高。我国20世纪50年代末即开始引种檀香紫檀,然而一直未得以规模种植,种苗短缺是当前制约我国檀香紫檀人工林发展的首要问题。以印度紫檀或大果紫檀大树作为砧木,经过多年的试验研究,解决了檀香紫檀嫁接采种园营建的关键技术问题,并利用15个初选优树材料营建了嫁接采种园,为檀香紫檀采种园规模发展及优良种质材料的推广应用提供技术基础。文中简要介绍了檀香紫檀嫁接采种园的营建技术,并对15个无性系的生长差异进行了对比分析。结果表明:15个檀香紫檀无性系的平均主枝长、主枝直径及最大主枝长、主枝直径间差异均显著(P<0.05),其分枝数差异不显著(P≥0.05);整体而言,15和12号无性系的表现均最佳,其次为6、9和10号无性系;以印度紫檀为砧木的嫁接效果优于大果紫檀砧木,两者间平均主枝长和主枝直径的差异均显著,这与印度紫檀相对于大果紫檀而言对土壤的适应性更强、生长更快有关。
Pterocarpus santalinus is one of famous tree species for production of the highest-quality rosewood in the world, its heartwood is mainly applied to manufacture high-grade furniture, music instrument, joinery and sculpture, etc., and extracts of its heartwood, barks and seeds are of high medicinal values with anti-diabetic, anti-cancer and hepatoprotective potentials. It was firstly introduced into China in late 1950, while it has not been planted with large scale yet. Shortage of its seeds and seedlings is the primary issue which limits plantation forestry development of this species at present. We have developed in recent years a technique for its grafted seed orchard establishment using large-sized trees （above 15 centimeter of diameter at breast height） of P indicus or P macrocarpus as stocks, and have established a grafted seed orchard with scions collected from 15 plus trees ofP. santalinus. Here, we briefly described the technique and compared growth difference among 15 clones of this species. The results showed that mean and maximum shoot length as well as mean and maximum shoot diameter differed significantly while branching quantity was of no significance among 15 clones. Clone No. 15 and 12 performed the best, followed by No. 6, 9 and 10. Grafting effects ofP indicus stocks were better than those ofP. macrocarpus, with mean shoot length and diameter remarkably higher than the latter. This is perhaps due to the fact that P indicus grows faster than P. macrocarpus with stronger adaptability to local soils. The findings will provide technical support for large-scale extension of seed orchard and superior germplasm ofP santalinus.
作者
陈仁利
曾杰
CHEN Renli;ZENG Jie(Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,CAF,Guangzhou 510520,Guangdong,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2018年第3期57-61,共5页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目"檀香紫檀采种园营建"(RITFKYYW201405)
林业公益性行业科研专项课题"青皮
格木
檀香紫檀良种选育与高效培育技术研究"(201204301-2)
关键词
檀香紫檀
异砧嫁接
无性系采种园
主枝生长
Pterocarpus santalinus
cross-species grafting
clonal seed orchard
grafted shoot growth
