摘要
社会主义国有企业肩负消灭雇佣劳动和保障劳动权利的职责，也就是为劳动者提供与生产资料自由结合即提供就业浏位的职责，这也是社会主义国有企业劳动关系的本质体现。在社会主义国有企业中，劳动者的就业与失业绝不能像私有企业那样仅仅根据资本获利的需要或与领导层关系的亲疏来决定，更不能把这种就业与失业鼓吹为“能进能出”，而应当像毛泽东所指出的那样，使所有的人都有出路。为了保障消灭雇佣劳动和保障劳动权利，社会主义国有企业职工要具有公务员身份，国有企业在招聘职工也应当像公务员一样实行公开招考。这样一来，国有企业职工由于非本人原因离开国有企业也不会出现资本主义的失业问题。同时，国有企业职工的公务员身份还有利于国有企业的经营管理层与各级政府部门官员之间的双向流动。企业的经营管理并不是十分困难的事情，事实上，经过一定的学习和岗位实践锻炼完全能够将多数工人尤其是今天受过高等教育的工人培养成合格的企业经营管理者。因此，只要党管干部严格落实党章的要求，就能选择出合格的国有企业经营管理者，就像革命战争时期党管干部能够选择出优秀的军事指挥员一样。在国有企业的管理中，最核心的是要保证劳动者对企业管理层的监督权和任免权。
Socialist state-owned enterprises shoulder the responsibility of eliminating employment labor and safeguarding labor rights, that is, to provide workers with freedom of production materials, namely to provide jobs,which is also the essence of labor relations in socialist state-owned en- terprises. In the state-owned enterprises, employment and unemployment of workers will not be just depending on the need of capital gains or relationship with leaders like private enterprises. It is even more important that such employment and unemployment should not be presumed to be ＂can be in and out＂, as Mao Zedong pointed out, all the people should have a way out. In order to ensure the elimination of employment of labor and guarantee the labor right, the employees of the socialist state-owned enterprises should have the status of civil servants, and state-owned enterprises should also perform open recruitment tests like those of civil servants. In this way, the problem of un- employment of capitalism will not appear even if the employees of state- owned enterprises leave the state-owned enterprises for non-personal rea- sons. At the same time, the status of the employees of the state-owned enterprises is also beneficial to the two-way flow between the management of the state-owned enterprises and the officials of the government departments at all levels. The management of an enterprise is not very difficult. In fact, after a certain learning and post practice training, it is possible to train most of the workers, especially today＇s well-educated workers, into qualified business managers. To regard entrepreneurship as overly important is the ignorance of history and reality. Therefore, as long as the party cadres strictly implements the requirements of the party constitution, we can choose qualified stateowned enterprises managers, just like choosing excellent military commanders in the Revolutionary War. In the management of the state-owned enterprises, the most important thing is to ensure the workers＇ supervision and appointment rights.
出处
《海派经济学》
CSSCI
2018年第2期74-85,共12页
Journal of Economics of Shanghai School
基金
中国社会科学院2015年创新工程项目“当代中国特色社会主义与市场经济研究”(MYYCX201503)的阶段性研究成果
关键词
国有企业
劳动关系
“能进能出”党管干部
企业家精神
State-owned Enterprise Labor
Relations ＂Can be in and out＂
Placing Cadres Under Party Supervision Entrepreneurial Spirit
