摘要
目的探讨自制头颈部固定枕在口腔颌面皮瓣移植修复患者术后头颈部固定中的应用效果。方法将114例行口腔颌面皮瓣移植修复术后需头颈部制动的患者按入院时间不同分为试验组58例和对照组56例。2组患者在常规治疗及护理的基础上，试验组使用自行设计制作的头颈部固定枕对患者头颈部进行固定制动，对照组使用传统砂袋固定制动。比较2组患者头颈部固定制动的舒适度、依从性、枕部皮肤情况以及护士的应用评价。结果试验组和对照组患者的舒适度评分分别为（2．93±1．28）分和（4．96±1．25）分，试验组舒适程度高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（t=-8．569，P〈0．05）。试验组头颈部制动完全依从43例，部分依从15例，不依从0例；对照组完全依从18例，部分依从35例，不依从3例。试验组患者依从性优于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。96．9％的护士认为自制的头颈部固定枕使用方便、操作简单；100．0％的护士认为头颈部固定枕可以有效固定患者的头部，解决了单独使用砂袋时容易出现移位的问题。结论自制的头颈部固定枕操作简单、固定效果良好，可有效缓解制动体位给患者枕部皮肤带来的损伤，同时提高患者的舒适度，患者依从性高。
Objective To observe the effects of homemade head and neck fixation pillow in patients with oral and maxillofacial free flap transplantation. Methods Totally 114 patients who needed head and neck fixation after oral and maxillofacial free flap transplantation were divided into the observation group （58 cases） and the control group （56 cases） based on the admitted consequence. Besides the routine treatment and nursing measures, the observation group received head and neck fixation with homemade head and neck fixation pillow, while the control group received traditional fixation with sandbags. The patients＇ comfortable degree, compliance, occipital skin condition and the nurses＇ evaluation of clinical application were investigated. Results The degree of comfort were （2.93± 1.28） points in the observation group and （4.96± 1.25） points in the control group, respectively. The comfortable degree was higher in the observation group than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant （t=-8.569, P〈 0.05）. There were 43 patients with complete compliance, 15 with partial compliance, and 0 with no compliance in the observation group respectively, while 18 with complete compliance, 35 with partial compliance, and 3 with no compliance in the control group respectively. The compliance was better in the observation group than that in the control group, the difference was statistically significant （P 〈 0.05）. None of the patients in the observation group had pressure ulcer, while 3 patients in the control group had stage I pressure ulcer. 96.9% of the nurses considered the homemade head and neck fixation pillow was easy to operate. 100.0% of the nurses considered the homemade headand neck fixation pillow could immobilize the patient＇s head and neck effectively. Conclusion The homemade head and neck fixation pillow is easy to operate and can effectively immobilize the patient＇s head and neck, protect the patient＇s occipital skin, as well as improve patient＇s comfort and compliance.
作者
曹家燕
田蕊
陈昌连
Cao Jiayan;Tian Rui;Chen Changlian.(MaxiUofacial Otolaryngology Oncology Department of Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China)
出处
《中国实用护理杂志》
2018年第24期1894-1897,共4页
Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing
关键词
头颈部
固定
皮瓣
Head and neck
Fixation
Free flap
