摘要
聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)作为一种性能优良的高分子聚合物,近年来广泛应用于农业水土保持及土壤改良。通过文献调研,在综述PAM对土壤中重金属作用及机理基础上,分析了其对土壤重金属污染植物修复的应用潜力:(1)PAM及其改性产物施用于土壤后可吸附特定的重金属离子,降低重金属对植物的毒害作用,但效果受p H值、温度等条件影响;(2)PAM在改善土壤理化性质的同时,可通过吸附、螯合及络合等作用抑制重金属的生物有效性,从而改善修复植物的生长条件。尽管PAM降解产物之一的丙烯酰胺单体(AMD)具有神经毒性,但是通过调节施加方式及引入降解微生物等方法可以避免PAM降解对土壤产生不良影响,进而将健康风险控制在安全范围内。因此,PAM是环境友好的重金属污染土壤植物修复促进剂,且其环境风险可控。
As a kind of high-molecular polymer with fine performance, polyacrylamide（PAM） is widelyapplied in soil and water conservation and soil reclamation in agriculture in recent years. The potential of itsapplication in phytoremediation of heavy metal polluted soil is analyzed based on summarizing the role andmechanism of PAM to heavy metals in soil via the literature research. The results show that：（1） PAM and itsmodified products could absorb specific metal ions and alleviate the toxicity of heavy metals to plants, but itsefficiency is affected by p H value, temperature and so on;（2） PAM could improve physicochemical propertiesof soil and reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals through adsorption, chelation and complexation, thus toimprove the growing condition of phytoremediation plants. Although acrylamide（AMD） as one of thedegradation product of PAM exhibits neurotoxic effect, the negative influence from the PAM degradation couldbe avoided by adjusting the application method and adding degradation microorganism to maintain the healthrisk in a safe range. Thus, PAM is an environment-friendly accelerant for phytoremediation of heavy metalcontaminated soil and its environmental risk could be controlled.
作者
孟繁健
朱宇恩
孟凡旭
李华
王宇喆
Meng Fanjian;Zhu Yu＇ en;Meng Fanxu;Li Hua;Wang Yuzhe(School of Environment and Resources,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 03000)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2018年第16期92-99,共8页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家重点研发计划"珠三角镉砷和面源污染农田综合防治与修复技术示范项目"(2017YFD0801300)
山西省科技重点研发(指南)项目"主要农业生态区域农业面源污染防治关键技术研究与集成示范"(201603D21110-1)
山西省科技攻关项目"醋糟制备土壤修复剂的技术研发"(20140311008-6)
广东省科技计划项目"珠三角典型蔬菜地土壤重金属污染修复关键技术研究"(2014A020216026)
关键词
聚丙烯酰胺
吸附
重金属
植物修复
polyacrylamide
adsorption
heavy metal
phytoremediation
