摘要
为了简化播种单体结构,提高播种质量,适应大豆窄行密植农艺对播种机的要求,设计了一种集排式大豆精量排种器。阐述了该排种器滑落吸种、碰撞清种工作方式,通过对充种区域的种子进行受力分析,确定了种子吸附时排种器所需气压范围;分析下落种子相对滚筒的速度及其通过吸孔的次数;对多自由度密封结构进行了受力分析,确定了气室铰接的结构参数;应用高速摄像技术,选取合格指数A、重播指数D、漏播指数M为试验指标,气压、作业速度为试验因素进行了双因素重复试验。试验结果表明:当气压为3、4 k Pa,作业速度为4~12 km/h时,合格指数随作业速度增大呈下降趋势;当气压为5、6、7 k Pa,作业速度为4~12 km/h时,合格指数随作业速度增大呈先上升后下降趋势;漏播指数随气压增大呈下降趋势,且随作业速度增大呈上升趋势;当气压为5 k Pa,作业速度为4~12 km/h时,合格指数大于95%,漏播指数小于2%,该排种器能够满足播种要求。
In order to simplify the structure of seeding monomer, improve the quality of planting, and meet the agricultural requirements of narrow row of soy closely planting on planter, a centralized precision seed-metering device was designed. The method of slipped seed absorbing and impacted seed cleaning of seed-metering device was expounded. Through the analysis of the movement of the seeds in filling area, the pressure range of seed metering device for seed sorption was determined. The speed of the drop seed relative to the drum and the number of the suction hole passing through were analyzed. The force analysis of the muhi-degree-of-freedom seal structure was carried out to determine the structural parameters of the hinge joint of gas chamber. The high-speed camera technology was used to conduct experiment, repeated experiment of two factors was conducted in which the test indexes were qualified index, and the missing index, the multiple index and the experimental factors were air pressure and operating speed. The results of the experiment showed that when the air pressure of seed-metering device was increased from 3 kPa to 4 kPa and the operating speed was in the range of 4 - 12 km/h, the qualified index showed a trend of declining with the increase of working speed. When the air pressure was increased from 5 kPa to 7 kPa and the operating speed was in the range of 4 - 12 km/h, the qualified index showed a trend of declining after the growing with the increase of working speed. The missing index was in decline with the increase of pressure value and in rise with the increase of operating speed. The qualified index was more than 95% and the missing seeding index was less than 2% , while the air pressure was 5 kPa and the operating speed was in the range of 4 - 12 km/h. This seed-metering device could meet the seeding requirements well.
作者
王业成
靳亚东
罗嗣博
孙浩
陈海涛
WANG Yecheng;JIN Yadong;LUO Sibo;SUN Hao;CHEN Haitao(College of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第6期112-118,共7页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303011)
中国博士后科学基金项目(2016M601407)
关键词
大豆
集排式
排种器
设计
试验
soybean
centralized
seed-metering device
design
experiment
