摘要
风对沙漠化过程具有重要影响,起沙风是塑造沙漠地貌格局的主要动力。根据1957—2014年库布齐沙漠周边4个基准气象站的地面风资料,从风速、风向和输沙势等方面分析库布齐沙漠的地面风场特征。结果显示:(1)库布齐沙漠的起沙风频率与平均风速有很高的相关性;(2)年平均风速为2.7 m·s^(-1),全年盛行风向为WNWNW,为中等变率锐双峰风况,合成输沙风向约为310°。4月风速最大,为中等变率环境;8月风速较小,为高变率环境;1月风速最小,为低变率环境。3—6月风速最大,风向集中度一般;11月至翌年2月风速较大,风向集中度高;7—10月风速最小,风向集中度差;(3)20世纪80年代中后期和2007年前后风速、起沙风频率和输沙势发生了较大变化,尤其是2007年前后由减小向增大发展;(4)大气环流和地表粗糙度的改变是库布齐沙漠地面风场变化的重要原因。
Sandy desertification is greatly influenced by wind,and threshold wind of transporting sand is major power shaping desert landform pattern.We analyzed surface wind field from wind speed,wind direction and sand drift potential by surface wind data from four national basic meteorological stations around the Hobq Desert from 1957 to 2014.The results showed that：（1）The correlation of mean wind speed and frequency of threshold wind of transporting sand is significant in the Hobq Desert.（2）Annual mean wind speed is 2.7 m·s^-1,and prevailing wind direction is WNW-NW,and the wind direction variability is intermediate.The resultant drift direction is around 310°.The wind speed is the largest in April with intermediate wind direction variability;the wind speed is relatively little in August with high wind direction variability and the wind speed is the least in January with low wind direction variability.The wind speed is the largest from March to June with intermediate wind direction concentration;the wind speed is relatively large from November to February with high wind direction concentration and the wind speed is the least from July to October with low wind direction concentration.（3）There is a great tendency change for the wind speed,the frequency of threshold wind of transporting sand and sand drift potential in mid and late 1980 s and around 2007,and there is a trend from decrease to increase around 2007.（4）It is the change of atmospheric circulation and surface roughness length that significantly changes surface wind field in the Hobq Desert.
作者
肖南
董治宝
南维鸽
崔徐甲
李超
肖巍强
李露露
Xiao Nan;Dong Zhibao;Nan Weige;Cui Xujia;Li Chao;Xiao Weiqiang;Li Lulu(a .College of Tourism ＆ Environrnent/b .National Demonstration Center for Experimental Geography Education （Shaanxi Normal University）, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi＇an 710062, China;Key Laboratory of Desert and Deserti fication, Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)
出处
《中国沙漠》
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第3期628-636,共9页
Journal of Desert Research
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费项目(GK201503053
GK201503060
GK201604011
GK201703050)
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2015M582605
2016M592742)
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41401310)
陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2016JQ4004)
关键词
地面风场
起沙风
输沙势
风况
库布齐沙漠
surface wind field
threshold wind of transporting sand
sand drift potential
wind regime
Hobq Desert
