摘要
人力资本越来越向少数大城市和大都市圈集中,是市场经济和劳动力自由流动条件下的必然趋势,也是全球经济的普遍状态。然而,现实中总是存在一些行政性力量想要促使人力资本均衡分布,这些政策的效果能否持续?本文通过研究中国计划经济时代人力资本均衡政策(即20世纪50年代的“高校搬迁”运动)的长期效果,发现行政主导的人力资本均衡政策在当时以及之后的一段时间内对城市的人力资本积累发挥了重要作用,但随着时间的推移,其作用在逐渐弱化。改革开放之后,在人力资本存量、地理区位和经济开放等因素的共同作用下,人力资本的空间集聚依然回归到历史的起点。本文用历史经验给出答案,背离经济规律的行政性人力资本均衡政策难以继续。
Human capital is increasingly concentrated in a few large cities and metropolitan areas.It is an inevitable and universal trend under the environments of market economy and free flow of labor force.However,there are always some administrative forces to promote an even distribution of human capital.Are these policies sustainable?After studying the long-term effect of the policy for an even distribution of human capital in the era of planned economy in China(i.e.the university relocation movement in the 1950s),we find that the policy did have an important effect on the cities'human capital accumulation then and afterwards,but the effect is gradually weakening with the passage of time.Since the Reform and Opening up,jointly affected by human capital stock,geographical location and economic openness,the spatial distribution of human capital has been returning to its historical state.Learning from the historical experience,this paper gives the answer to the above question that the effect of the policies for an even distribution of human capital which deviate from economic rules is difficult to sustain.
作者
夏怡然
陆铭
Xia Yiran;Lu Ming
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第5期45-55,共11页
Academic Monthly
基金
浙江省自然科学基金“城市人力资本的长期形成机制研究:历史遗产、政策冲击和劳动力流动”(LY18G030027)
国家社会科学基金重大项目“推动我国经济持续健康发展的基本要求、根本途径和政策选择研究”(13&ZD015)的阶段性成果
关键词
人力资本
空间分布
行政性干预
持续
human capital
spatial distribution
administrative intervention
sustainable
