摘要
以聚乙烯醇(PVA)/淀粉为基体,分别以浓度、直径、加入方式不同的纳米SiO_2为变量制备改性PVA/淀粉复合膜,测试其力学、透光、耐水、降解性能。实验发现,当PVA/淀粉复合膜料液浓度为8%时,薄膜的拉伸强度与断裂伸长率最大。添加5 g 60 nm SiO_2溶胶,薄膜拉伸强度、透光率最大。随着溶胶量增加,断裂伸长率下降;SiO_2在复合膜料液中浓度降低至5%之后,吸水率下降;土埋失重率与酶解失重率下降。综合各方面性质,发现60 nm SiO_2溶胶改性复合膜表面没有杂质,膜体透明、柔软、韧性更好,在力学性能、透光率、耐水性方面更优。初步分析认为,纳米SiO_2以更小的尺寸均匀分散在PVA/淀粉共混体系中,通过形成更多氢键,增强了网络结构,提高了薄膜的综合性能。
Using PVA/starch as substrate, nano-SiO2 as a variable, nanometer SiO2/PVA/starch composite membrane were prepared under different condition of ratio, diameter, adding state. Then the properties were tested, such as mechanical properties, transparency, water absorption and degradation performance. The result showed that the tensile strength and elongation of the membrane were the largest when the concentration of PVA/starch liquid was 8%. Adding 5 g nano-SiO2 sol, the membrane had the maximum tensile strength and the transmittance. With the increase of the amount of sol, the elongation decreased. The water absorption rate decreased significantly after 5%. The weight loss rate of soil and enzyme solution both decreased. Comparing added 60 nm, 200 nm SiO2 under different state, 60 nm SiO2 sol modified composite membrane was without impurities, soft, toughness, much more transparent and had much better properties in mechanical properties, light transmittance, better resistance to water, degradation performance. The preliminary analysis suggested that nano-SiO2 was distributed evenly in the PVA system with a smaller size and forms more hydrogen bonds, It enhanced the network structure and improved the comprehensive performance of the membrane.
作者
李倩文
杜聪
LI Qian-wen, DU Cong(Anhui Agriculture University, College of Light-Textile Engineering and Art, Hefei 23003)
出处
《食品科技》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第3期74-79,共6页
Food Science and Technology
基金
安徽农业大学稳定和引进人才科研项目
