摘要
相对于陆域而言,海洋环境面临更加严峻的形势。海洋环境危机的根源是海洋治理危机。海洋环境问题可能同时面临市场机制失灵、政府机制失灵和社会机制失灵的风险。不同属性的物品具有不同的治理结构,海洋环境不是单纯的公共物品属性,可能存在准公共物品和私人物品属性的情况。因此,海洋环境保护要从单中心管理模式转向多中心治理模式,从单一管理模式转向多元化治理模式,从碎片化管理模式转向系统性治理模式。海洋环境治理的体制创新要按照陆海统筹的理念推进海洋环境体制建设,以海洋功能定位及规划确定海洋环境保护的体制性分工,以"大部制"涉海机构改革扫除"五龙治海"障碍。海洋环境保护的机制创新,既要推进市场机制创新、政府机制创新和社会机制创新,还要推进三大机制之间的相互协调和相互制衡。海洋环境保护的制度创新,重点是基于制度的替代性进行海洋环境保护制度的优化选择,基于制度的互补性推进海洋环境保护制度的耦合强化。
Compared with the land,the marine environment is facing more severe situation.The root marine environment crisis is the marine governance crisis.Marine environmental problems may simultaneously face the risk of market mechanism failure,government mechanism failure and social mechanism failure.Different properties of goods have different governance structures,and marine environment is not a simple public goods attribute. There may be quasi-public goods and private property attributes.Therefore,marine environmental protection should turn from single-center management mode to multi-center governance mode,from single management mode to diversified governance mode,and from fragmented management mode to systematic governance mode.The system innovation of marine environmental governance should be based on the concept of land and sea co-ordination to promote and replace the large-department system with the multi-regulator system.The mechanism innovation of marine environmental protection should not only promote market mechanism innovation,government mechanism innovation and social mechanism innovation,but also promote the co-ordination and balance between the three mechanisms.The institutional innovation of marine environmental protection focuses on optimizing the marine environmental protection institution based on the substitution of the institution,and promoting the coupling enhancement of marine environmental protection institution based on the complementarity of the institution.
出处
《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第2期84-91,共8页
Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社科基金重大招标项目"海洋生态损害补偿制度及公共治理机制研究--以中国东海为例"(16ZDA050)
关键词
海洋环境
环境治理
制度创新
marine environment
environmental governance
institutional innovation
