摘要
生态环境修复已经成为救济环境公共利益损害的主导性救济方式。最高人民法院明确提出树立修复为主的现代环境资源司法理念,将生态环境修复作为环境司法审判的根本价值取向。但是对于生态环境修复责任的性质,立法界与理论有不同的理解,其中最主要的争议点是生态环境修复责任是否可以为恢复原状的民事责任所涵盖。实务界对生态环境修复责任启动的法律依据、责任主体、责任边界等问题也存在诸多争议。因此,确定生态环境修复责任的法律性质十分必要。通过考察司法判例以及法律文件中生态环境修复责任的内容,可以发现生态环境修复法律责任的内涵和外延与恢复原状责任有很大的差异,生态环境修复责任不是与恢复原状相对应的单一责任形式,而是救济生态环境损害的民事法律责任体系。生态环境修复责任的完善需要以确定环境公共利益和公民环境权的法律地位为前提,以制定环境特别民事责任法和相关技术规则为保障。
The ecological environment restoration has become a dominant relief way of environmental public interest damage remedy.The supreme people＇s court specifically set up ecological environment restoration as the main judicial concept of the modern environmental resources and the fundamental value of environmental justice.But for the nature of the liability of ecological environment restoration,there are different understandings in legislation and theory.One of the main bones of contention is whether ecological environment restoration responsibility can be covered by restoration to the original state liability.In practice,there are also many disagreements on the legal basis to start the ecological environment restoration liability,liable body,responsibility boundary,etc.;therefore,it is necessary to determine the legal nature of ecological environment restoration responsibility.By investigating the judicial precedents and legal documents in the content of the ecological environment restoration responsibility,it can be found that the intension and extension of liability of ecological environment restoration and the liability of restoration to the original state are quite different,and the ecological environment restoration liability is not a single responsibility only corresponding to restoration to the original state liability but a civil liability system for relieving the ecological environment damage.The improvement of the ecological environment restoration liability system should determine the legal status of the environmental public interest and the environmental right of public,and develop environment special civil liability legislation and relevant technical regulations.
出处
《中国地质大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第2期48-59,共12页
Journal of China University of Geosciences(Social Sciences Edition)
基金
国家社科基金重点项目"环境修复司法制度研究"(16AFX020)
关键词
生态环境修复
恢复原状
责任形式
责任性质
ecological environment restoration
restoration to the original state liability
the form of li-ability
liability nature
