摘要
兰克的"如实直书"是一个内涵丰富、自成一体的理论体系。"如实直书"理应包括四个方面:一是重视对史料的考证、力求使用原始材料;二是反对抽象概括历史、强调对历史过程的"感通";三是重叙述少评判、不讨论是非,并利用文学技巧将历史过程重演于时代语境中;四是主张书写政治史、限制当代史研究。"如实直书"是兰克探索上帝启示与人类智慧的方式,更是它评价过去、教导现在、以利于未来的高尚追求。
This paper focuses on Ranke's idea that is"as it actually happened".And it also testifies that"as it actually happened"is a fruitful and unique theory system."As it actually happened"should include four points.Firstly,"as it actually happened"stresses on researching on historical records and tries to use primary source;Secondly,it opposes to abstractly summarize history and stresses the"feeling"of the historical process;Thirdly,it emphasizes more narration than judgement and it uses literary skills to repeat the historical process;Fourthly,it advocates writing more political history and limiting contemporary history research.On the one hand,"as it actually happened"is the way that Ranke explores God's will and human wisdom.On the other hand,"as it actually happened"is a noble pursuit,which is used to judge the past,guide the present and help the future.
出处
《史林》
CSSCI
北大核心
2018年第1期185-197,222,共13页
Historical Review
