摘要
白沙蒿(Artemisia sphaerocephala)是典型的流动沙丘植物,非常适应干旱荒漠地区的极端气候,是沙漠荒漠化治理和恢复中优良的固沙植物之一。植物中的次生代谢物是其适应不利环境因素的重要策略之一。本研究首次开展了白沙蒿提取物对朱砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinus)和斜纹夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)幼虫的活性测试,并对受体植物油菜(Brassica campestris)、紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)、红三叶(Trifolium pratense)和早熟禾(Poa annua)的植物毒活性也进行了检测。结果表明,白沙蒿提取物对两种害虫均表现出具有较强的杀螨活性,但对农作物油菜和牧草红三叶、紫花苜蓿和早熟禾的生长没有明显影响。在低浓度时,还对紫花苜蓿和早熟禾的生长有一定的促进作用。浓度为333μg·m L-1时,对朱砂叶螨的触杀活性大于60%,在20μg·m L-1的浓度下对斜纹夜蛾幼虫的触杀活性大于50%,而在50和25μg·m L-1浓度下对苜蓿和早熟禾有促进作用,对油菜和红三叶的抑制率小于20%。
Artemisia sphaerocephala is a typical eremophyte living in the migratory dunes,and has adopted very well to the extreme climates of arid desert areas; as such,it is usually used as a sand-fixation plant to improve and aid in the recovery of desert environments. The insecticidal activities of the extract obtained from this plant against Tetranychus cinnabarinus and Spodoptera litura are reported for the first time. The phytotoxic activities of this extract on rape,alfalfa,red clover,and bluegrass have also been evaluated in this study. The results of these tests have shown that the extract has obvious acaricidal effects on the two insects and no significant effect on the growths of the host plants. The growths of alfalfa and bluegrass improved under lower concentrations of this extract. The acaricidal activity of the extract was more than 60% at concentrations of 333 μg·m L-1,whereas,the insecticidal activity was more than 50% when concentrations were 20 μg·m L-1. Under the concentrations of 50 and 25 μg·m L-1,respectively,growths of alfalfa and bluegrass were promoted more or less,and the inhibited growth rates of red clover and rape were less than 20%.
出处
《草业科学》
CAS
CSCD
2018年第2期305-310,共6页
Pratacultural Science
基金
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)--重要牧草
乡土草抗逆优质高产的生物学基础(2014CB138703)
2015人才培养质量提高经费(科研)--科研机构开发课题-农业部(KFK2015001)
长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助(IRT_17R50)
兰州大学2017年"国家级大学生创新创业训练计划"(201710730106)
关键词
白沙蒿
朱砂叶螨
斜纹夜蛾
杀虫活性
植物毒
Artemisia sphaerocephala
Tetranychus cinnabarinus
Spodoptera litura
insecticidal activity
phytotoxic activity
