摘要
该研究以生长在新疆北部的二型花柱植物雪地报春(Primula nivalis)为研究材料,对7个低海拔(1 657~2 013m)森林居群和7个高海拔(2 400~2 700m)草原居群的花型比例进行调查,对花部特征进行检测,并对长、短花柱植株在不同海拔居群的花性状分化进行了比较研究,以揭示该类群植物的演化与环境的关系。结果表明:(1)在高海拔草原居群中长花柱植株比例高于短花柱植株。(2)比较草原和森林生态系统中的雪地报春居群,长花柱花形态特征间存在显著差异,但短花柱花形态特征间的差异不显著。(3)高海拔草原居群中长花柱花的花冠筒长度、雄蕊长度、雌雄蕊距离、雌雄异位程度以及雌雄蕊空间位置是导致花性状分化的主要因素。(4)在草原居群中,长花柱花的雄蕊、雌雄异位程度及花冠口至雄蕊距离的变化减少了长短花柱花间的互补式对应性。研究认为,在异质生境中长花柱花性状的变化是导致该物种长短花柱花性状分化的主要因素。
Distylous plant is a special group of angiosperm which has reciprocal stigma and anthers within a species.Comparative investigations of breeding system of distylous species on different elevations can be revealing the relationship between distylous plant evolution and their environments.Primula nivalis is a native primrose in the northern Xinjiang,NW China.In order to investigate the comparative effect of habitat heterogeneity on frequency of morphs in different sexual morph plants and differentiation of floral characters were quantified at seven low-elevation forest（1 657-2 013 m）and seven high-elevation grassland populations in this research.The study results will clarify the reproductive strategies and adaptation mechanisms of P.nivalis at different elevational environments.（1）The investigations on effect of heterogeneous habitats on P.nivalis floral phenotype suggested that frequency of LS（long style）morph individuals in high elevation grassland population was higher than that of SS（short style）morph individuals;（2）Thefloral morphological characters of LS among populations in different ecological conditions were significant different,but no significant difference for SS morphs with different ecological conditions;（3）The length of corolla tube and stamen,and stamen-stigma spatial distance,herkogemy and relative reciprocity of LS flowers in high elevation grassland population are the main factors for floral trait differentiation in P.nivalis at heterogeneous environments;（4）This revealed that variation of LS floral characters at different population decreased the herkogamy level of both morph flower sexual organs in high elevation grassland populations.Therefore,changes of floral trait of LS plants are the main factors for floral trait differentiation and relative reciprocity of both morph flowers in heterogeneous environments.
出处
《西北植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期158-165,共8页
Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(31400279)
新疆维吾尔自治区高校重点计划(XJEDU2016I042)
喀什大学高层次人才培养计划(GCCZK-004)
关键词
雪地报春
花性状分化
生境异质性
居群海拔
雌雄异位
Primuaa nivalis
lloral tratt differentiation
heterogeneity habitat
population elevation
herkogamy
