摘要
与哺乳动物不同,芳香化酶(aromatase,Cyp19)中的Cyp19a在硬骨鱼类的脑中表达强烈,这是由于该基因主要起源于性腺芳香化酶和脑芳香化酶,并得到了高效表达。转基因(cyp19a1b-GFP)鱼的原位杂交、免疫组化以及绿色荧光蛋白GFP的表达研究发现,脑芳香化酶仅在鱼的放射性胶质细胞(RGC)中表达,而这些细胞作为发育中的幼鱼和成鱼脑中的祖细胞始终贯穿于鱼类的整个生活史中。尽管脑芳香化酶主要分布于视前区和下丘脑的放射性胶质细胞,但在中枢神经系统和脊髓中也存在。Cyp19a1b的高表达通过雌激素和芳香化的雄激素上调芳香化酶的表达而实现,所以脑芳香化酶活性与性类固醇密切相关。这种表达机制通过雌激素受体与Cyp19a1b启动子上的雌激素反应组件结合实现。而细胞特异性是通过雌激素受体与特殊的神经胶质因子之间的强制协同完成。成鱼脑中芳香化酶除了对脑性别分化和性行为具有经典功能外,在放射性胶质细胞中的表达可能是维持鱼类脑部高增生活性的重要原因。
Unlike mammals, Cyp19a,one ofaromatase （Cyp19） is most strongly expressed in the brain ofteleost fish, which is primar- ily derived from gonad aromatase and brain aromatase, and highly expressed in gonad and braul. Brain aromatase is found to be only expressed in radial glial cells （RGC）, which acts as progenitor cells from first to last in the development of larval and adult brain throughout the life cycle of fishes, using transgenic fish （cyp 19a1b-GFP ） for in situ hybridization, immunohistochemistry and expres- sion of green fluorescent protein （GFP）. The aromatase is mainly distributed in the preoptic area and hypothalamus, as well as in the central nervous system and spinal cord. The high expression of Cyp19alb is observed by the regulation of aromatase expression by es- trogen and aromatic androgen, and the expression mechanism is derived from the combination of estrogen receptors and estrogen re- sponsive components of the Cyp19alb promoter. The specificity of the cells is conducted through the cooperation between estrogen receptor and specific glial factors. The adult brain aromatase has the classic function of the brain sex differentiation and sexual behavior, and is involved in expression in radial glial cells, which might be an important mechanism to maintain high activity in fish brain.
出处
《水产学杂志》
CAS
北大核心
2018年第1期42-51,共10页
Chinese Journal of Fisheries
基金
中国水洋科学研究院基本科研业务(2018HY-ZD0302)
现代农业产业技术体系专项资金资助(CARS-46)
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HSY201601
HSY201404)
关键词
脑芳香化酶
性别分化
鱼脑
类固醇生成酶
brain aromatase
sex differentiation
fish brain
steroidogenic enzyme
