摘要
为了探讨在标志信息量大小和信息排列方式变化条件下的指路标志视认特性,实现快速路指路标志的优化设置方法,在视认时间有限的情况下增加可视的信息量。以探索指路标志视认特性为切入点,研究城市快速路高架路段与辅路衔接的出口指路标志尚需优化的问题。试验选取32名驾驶人各完成77张静态标志的目标路名视认任务,其中标志图片均保持一致,采用互动测试程序,设置标志图片的随机显示和不重复出现,通过按键激活下一张标志的视认,采集被试者操作行为及视认时间的原始数据。通过室内视认试验,以信息量(版面中2~12条路名,共11种)及信息在指路标志内的位置(2-12个位置)为控制因素,以标志视认时间为指标,利用经过预处理的数据进行分析,通过对比不同信息量和信息排列方式对于驾驶人视认时间的影响,确定信息量及视认时间,和信息量、版面布局方式及视认时间两个关系模型。研究结果表明,驾驶员对指路标志视认时间由标志信息量大小来决定,信息量与视认时间之间呈正相关关系;驾驶员对指路标志视认时间的长短也会受到信息布局方式的影响,当信息以矩阵形式排列时,可以有效降低标志的视认难度;信息布局方式的变化会引起信息量范围的变化,当信息以矩阵式排列时,可增大信息量的极限范围。
The objective of this research is to investigate the visual recognition characteristics of guide signs under different information volume and information arrangement and the method of optimizing the setting of guide signs in the expressway which would increase the amount of visual information under the limited viewing time. It concentrated on the problem that the application of exit guide signs at the connection of the urban elevated road and the side road remains to be optimized from the aspect of the visual recognition characteristics of guide signs. In this experiment, 32 participants are selected to complete the task of recognizing target road names of 77 static signs which are consistent. Interactive test program is adopted to make the signs displayed randomly and appear only once. When the participants pressed the button, next guide sign would be displayed and the original data of participants＇ behavior and visual recognition time would be recorded. The information volume （including 2 - 12 road names, i.e. , 11 types） and the information position （ including 2 - 12 positions） on guide signs are selected as the controlling factors, and the visual recognition time is selected as the indicator in the indoor recognition experiment. By analysing with preprocessed data and contrasting the effects of different information volumes and information arrangements on visual recognition time, tile model of relation between information vohmle anti visual recognition time and the model of relation of visual recognition time with information volume and information arrangement are determined respectively. The result indicates that （ 1 ） driver＇ s visual recognition time is determined by the information volume of guide signs, and there exists a positive correlation between them; （2） the length of the visual recognition time is also affected by the layout of information, the difficulty of recognition to guide signs ~＇an be reduced when the information is arranged in matrix form; （3） the change of intormation layout will influence the range of the infornmtion w^lume. The ultimate range of the information volume will be increased when the information is arranged in matrix form.
出处
《公路交通科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第2期109-114,共6页
Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(61672067)
北京市科技计划课题(161100001116002)
关键词
交通工程
指路标志布局
静态视认
视认时间
信息量
traffic engineering
layout of guide signs
static recognition
cognitive time
information volume
