摘要
以葫芦和南瓜种子为材料,比较了68、72、75、80℃4个干热处理温度条件及6℃和常温2种种子保存条件对种子质量的影响;通过田间栽培试验检测了种子干热处理对黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒(Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus,CGMMV)的防治效果。结果表明:68~80℃的温度处理种子72 h后,不会影响葫芦种子的发芽势和发芽率,但显著降低了南瓜种子的发芽势和发芽率。高温干热处理后,3个葫芦品种的种子分别在常温和6℃下保存15个月后,种子发芽势均显著下降;2个南瓜品种分别在常温和6℃下保存12个月后,除68℃和72℃处理的南瓜京欣砧2常温保存种子的发芽势以外,其他处理种子的发芽势和发芽率都显著下降。通过3 a 3种不同栽培模式的田间试验,不同带毒率的葫芦砧木种子经过72℃干热处理72 h后,嫁接西瓜在田间均未发生CGMMV。试验结果表明,不同葫芦科作物种类,甚至不同品种对温度的敏感性不一样;干热处理种子是防治CGMMV最有效的方法之一。
Taking seeds of Bottle gourd and Squash as materials,this experiment compared the effect of 4 dry heat treatments temperatures(68,72,75 ℃ and 80 ℃)and 2 preservation conditions(6 ℃ and normal temperature)on seed quality of cucurbit crops.At the same time,the control effects of seed dry heat treatments on Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus(CGMMV)were evaluated through cultivation test in the fields.The results showed that the germination energy and germination percentage of Bottle gourd seed were not influenced,but those of Squash seed were significantly reduced by treating the seed with 68-80 ℃ for 72 hours.The seed germination energy of 3 Bottle gourd varieties were significantly reduced after preservation for 15 months under 6 ℃ and normal temperature.The seed germination energy and germination percentage of 2 Squash varieties were significantly reduced after 12 months preservation under 6 ℃ and normal temperature,except the seed germination energy of Squash ‘Jingxinzhen2' treated with 68 ℃ and 72 ℃ after 12 months preservation under normal temperature. In 3 years field experiments with 3 different cultivation models,there were no CGMMV occurred in watermelon grafted on the bottle gourd root-stocks after 72 ℃ dry heat treatment for 72 hours.These results indicated that different kinds of cucurbit crops,even different varieties had different sensitiveness to temperature.Seed dry heat treatment was one of the most effective methods for controlling CGMMV.
出处
《中国蔬菜》
北大核心
2018年第2期58-63,共6页
China Vegetables
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系北京市西甜瓜创新团队专项(BAIC10)
北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20170102)
北京市农林科学院蔬菜种子质量保障及提高科技创新团队项目(JNKST201621)
关键词
变温干热处理
种子质量
黄瓜绿斑驳花叶病毒
防治效果
Variable temperature dry heat treatment
Seed quality
Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus
Control efficiency
