摘要
以马铃薯品种新大坪为试材,研究黑色地膜覆盖双垄沟播(FF)、黑色地膜覆盖双垄垄播(FR)和露地垄作(CK)对马铃薯干物质、产量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:马铃薯全株干物质积累量在淀粉积累期至成熟期以FF处理最大,比CK显著增加了31.88%~31.98%。随着马铃薯生育进程的推进,块茎干物质积累量呈现"S"形变化趋势,成熟期FF、FR处理的块茎干物质积累量比CK显著增加了28.49%和21.52%。马铃薯干物质在各器官中的分配比例随生长中心的转移而变化,成熟期块茎干物质分配比例FF处理最高,比CK显著增加了6.21%。FF、FR处理的块茎产量分别比CK增产59.74%和46.11%,耗水量增加幅度为6.80%和10.01%,水分利用效率提高了49.57%和32.82%。综上,黑色地膜覆盖双垄沟播可以提高马铃薯水分利用效率、增产效果显著,是黄土高原旱作区马铃薯生产的高效栽培模式。
This paper studied the effects of black film mulching and double ridges with furrow sowing(FF),black film mulching and double ridges with ridge sowing(FR)and without film mulching ridge sowing(CK)on potato dry matter content,yield and water use efficiency,taking potato variety ‘Xindaping' as the experimental material. The results showed that under FF treatment,the potato dry matter accumulation from starch accumulation to maturity stage was the largest,and was significantly increased by 31.88%-31.98% than that of the CK. With the progress of potato growth,tuber dry matter accumulation showed a changing tendency of "S" shape. Under FF and FR treatments,tuber dry matter accumulation during maturing stage were significantly increased by 28.49% and 21.51% than that of the CK. Besides,the distribution ratio of potato dry matter in various organs was changed with the transfer of growth center. The highest tuber dry matter allocation during maturing stage was under FF treatment,increased 6.21% than that of the CK. Under FF and FR treatments,the tuber yields were increased by 59.74% and 46.11%,respectively than that of the CK. The increase amplitudes of water consumption were 6.80% and 10.01%,and water use efficiencies were 49.57% and 32.82%,respectively. To sum up,black film mulching and double ridges with furrow sowing(FF)treatment can improve potato water use efficiency and with remarkable yield-increasing effect. It is a cultivation mode of potato production with high efficiency in Loess plateau.
出处
《中国蔬菜》
北大核心
2018年第2期47-52,共6页
China Vegetables
基金
甘肃省自然科学基金项目(l45RJZJl29)
关键词
马铃薯
黑色地膜
干物质生产
产量
水分利用效率
Potato
Black plastic film
Dry matter production
Yield
Water use efficiency
