摘要
为探明华北地区深松耕作方式对夏玉米生育期土壤物理性状和水分利用效率的影响,在河南省新乡采用冬小麦播前深松耕作(PS)、传统旋耕(CK)2种耕作方式,对夏玉米各生育期间的土壤粒径组成、容重、土壤紧实度、夏玉米生长发育指标及水分利用效率等进行了研究。结果表明:PS处理下土壤粒径组成无明显变化,全生育期PS较CK处理0—40cm土层土壤容重降低0.63%~3.85%,孔隙度提高0.27%~3.67%;拔节期PS较CK处理20—30,30—40cm土层土壤紧实度显著降低37.76%,22.26%;全生育期PS处理的土壤含水率、夏玉米株高、叶面积指数、干物质积累量均高于CK,产量提高了9.50%,穗长和穗粒重提高了4.18%和6.50%(p<0.05),水分利用效率提高5.08%,节水增产效果显著。
Subsoiling before sowing（PS）is beneficial to improve soil structure and permeable capacity.To explore the effect of PS of winter wheat on soil physical properties and water use efficiency of summer maize,field experiment was carried out with traditional rotary tillage as CK.In the study,the soil particle size composition,bulk density,soil compaction,growth index and water use efficiency were observed during summer maize growing stage in north china plain.The results showed that there was no significant difference in soil particle size between PS treatment and CK.During the whole growth period,the soil bulk density of PS decreased by 0.63%-3.85% while the porosity was increased by 0.27%-3.67%compared to CK in 0—40 cm soil layer;Soil compaction of PS was significantly decreased by 37.76%（at 20—30 cm）and 22.26%（at 30—40 cm）compared to CK at jointing stage.In the whole growth period,soil water storage capacity,plant height,leaf area index and dry matter accumulation were all higher than CK.Specifically,the yield was significantly increased by 9.50%,the spike length and grain weight per panicle were increased by 4.18%and6.50%（p〈0.05）,respectively,and the water use efficiency was increased by 5.08%.Effects of the water saving and yield increasing were significant under PS treatment.
作者
王万宁
强小嫚
刘浩
孙景生
马筱建
崔永生
WANG Wanning;QIANG Xiaoman;LIU Hao;SUN Jingsheng;MA Xiaoiian;CUI Yongsheng(Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Water Requirement and Regulation, Xinxiang, Henan 453002;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081)
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期229-236,共8页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家公益性行业(农业)科技专项(201503117)
中国农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(FIRI 2016-08)
河南省科技攻关计划项目(162102110017)
关键词
深松
土壤容重
土壤紧实度
干物质
水分利用效率
subsoiling
soil bulk density
soil compaction
dry matter
water use efficiency
