摘要
探讨毛乌素沙地采煤塌陷区土壤水分空间分布及变异特征,为矿区生态恢复提供理论依据。通过线性取样方式,采用经典统计与地统计学方法,研究了塌陷区及非塌陷区(对照)沙丘典型位置0—100cm范围内土壤水分空间分布特征及变异规律。结果表明:非塌陷区(对照)沙丘典型位置纵横向各层次的土壤水分变化,其概率曲线分布均为正态分布,符合毛乌素沙地常规沙丘土壤水分时空变化特征,而采煤塌陷2年后,其纵横向各层次土壤水分的变异程度差异较大,土壤水分流失严重,比对照沙丘减小了近10%~30%,标准差变化在0.54~1.05,比非塌陷区(对照)增大了52.08%,正负偏离程度大于1的概率超过50%,变异系数变化在0.14~0.28,比非塌陷区(对照)增加80%;采煤塌陷后各层次土壤水分均值、标准差、方差及变异系数都有很大变化,尤其对中层(30—70cm)的土壤水分影响最大,而对表层(0—20cm)和下层(80—100cm)土壤水分影响不明显。采煤塌陷区纵横向各层次土壤水分离散程度大大提高,增强了土壤水分的空间变异。
In order to explore the spatial distribution and variation characteristics of soil moisture in coal mining subsidence area in Mu Us sandy land,and provide theoretical basis for the restoration of the mining area,experiments based on a linear sampling and classic statistical and geostatistical methods were conducted.Spatial distribution characteristics and variation law of soil water in the typical 0 to 100 cm dune area in the subsidence and the non-collapse（control）were studied.The results showed that in the typical sand dune location of non-collapse（control）,the probability distribution curves of soil water changes in all layers along vertical and horizontal directions were all normal distribution,and it was consistent with the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of soil moisture in conventional dunes in Mu Us sandy land.In contrast,two years after the coal mine collapsed,the variations of soil water in different layers along vertical and horizontal directions were different,and soil water loss was more serious than that of control dune by nearly 10% to30%,and the standard deviation varied from 0.54 to 1.05,increasing by 52.08% compared with the non-subsidence area（control）.The probability of positive and negative deviation greater than 1 was over 50%,and the coefficient of variation varied from 0.14 to 0.28,which was 80%higher than that of non-collapse area（control）.After collapsing,the average level of soil water,standard deviation,variance and variation coefficient had great changed,and influence of coal mining subsidence on soil moisture was the most in the middle layer（30—70 cm）,and was not obvious in the surface（0—20 cm）and lower（80—100 cm）.In coal mining subsidence area,the dispersion degree of soil water in different layers along the vertical and horizontal direction was greatly improved,which enhanced spatial variation of soil water.
作者
赵国平
史社强
李军保
董敏
ZHAO Guoping;SHI Sheqiang;LI Junbao;DONG Min(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Rehabilitation in Shan- Bei Mining Area, Yulin, Shaanaci 719000;Desert Control Research Institute of Shaancci Province, Yulin, Shaanxi 719000;Rizhao University and Science Park Service Center, Shandong ,RIzhao 276800)
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第6期90-93,219,共5页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41661062)
陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目(2014KJXX-21)
陕西省自然科学基金项目(2014jm5126)
关键词
采煤塌陷
土壤水分
空间变异
毛乌素沙地
coal mining subsidence
soil moisture
spatial variation
Mu Us sandy land
