摘要
目的了解成都青羊区居民跌倒伤害的流行病学特征及潜在危险因素,为伤害预防提供流行病学依据。方法根据2010-2014年成都青羊区伤害哨点监测收集跌倒伤害数据,分析描述跌倒伤害流行病学特征,采用二分类多元Logistic回归分析识别跌倒其危险因素。结果监测报告的33 273例跌倒伤害病例中,男性20 015例(60.15%)、女性13 258例(39.85%),性别比1:1.51;轻伤25 707例(77.26%)、重伤7 566例(22.74%);年龄构成<15岁11981例(36.01%)、15~24岁3 933例(11.79%)、25~59岁12 752例(38.33%)、≥60岁4 607例(13.85%)。Logistic回归结果显示:在跌倒伤害监测病例中,严重跌倒伤害的保护因素有:年龄小于15岁(OR=0.410,95%CI:0.333~0.505)、15~24岁(OR=0.546,95%CI:0.470~0.633)、25~59岁(OR=0.693,95%CI:0.624~0.768);户籍为本辖区(OR=0.709,95%CI:0.661~0.761);伤害性质为挫伤(OR=0.556,95%CI:0.492~0.628)、开放伤(OR=0.747,95%CI:0.648~0.861)。危险因素有:男性(OR=1.096,95%CI:1.034~1.162)文化程度小学及以下(OR=1.301,95%CI:1.169~1.448)、职业学生(OR=1.183,95%CI:1.001~1.399)、工人农民(OR=1.273,95%CI:1.124~1.441)、伤害部位为头部(OR=1.177,95%CI:1.101~1.260)、躯干(OR=1.441,95%CI:1.289~1.613)、多部位(OR=3.374,95%CI:2.905~3.917)伤害性质为骨折(OR=3.802,95%CI:3.302~4.377)、器官损伤(OR=2.210,95%CI:1.894~2.578)、院前时间(OR=1.004,95%CI:1.002~1.006)。结论跌倒伤害全人群均易发生,其中在儿童青少年和60岁以上老年人群中,跌倒伤害容易造成需要住院治疗的伤害结局。应针对各年龄段居民,制定具体有效的卫生政策,开展伤害预防健康教育,改善环境安全设施,降低跌倒伤害事件特别是严重伤害事件的发生。
Objective To explore epidemiological Qingyang District of Chengdu. And to provide Methods National Injury Surveillance data base characteristics and risk factors of fall injuries of residents in epidemiological basis for prevention and control strategies. from 2010 to 2014 of Qingyang District, Chengdu, were used for analysis. Described the epidemiological characteristic of fall injuries, multivariate logistic regression analysis was exploited to discover the risk factors. Results Hos- pitals report of 33 273 cases of fall injury, 20 015 cases were male （60. 15% ）, females 13258 cases （39. 85% ） , the sex ratio of 1： 1.51; 25 707 cases of minor injuries （77. 26% ）, 7 566 cases of serious injury （22. 74% ） ;age 〈15 years had 11 981 cases （36.01%）, age around 15 -24 had 3 933 cases （11.79%）, age around 25 -59 had 12 752 eases （38.33%）, more than 60 years old had 4 607 eases （ 13.85% ）. According to Lo- gistic regression analysis： in the surveillance of falling eases, protective factors of serious eases were age （ 〈 15years ： OR = 0. 410, 95% CI： O. 333 ~ 0. 505, ） age 15 - 24 years ： OR = 0. 546, 95% CI： O. 470 0. 633, age 25 -59 years： OR = 0. 693, 95% CI： O. 624 -0. 768） ; household register was Qingyang district （ resident OR = 0. 709, 95% CI： O. 661 - 0. 761 ）, nature of injury （ contusion ： OR = 0. 556, 95% CI： O. 492 -0. 628, open wound： OR = 0. 747, 95% CI： O. 648 - 0. 861 ）. Risk factors were gender （ male： OR = 1. 096, 95% CI： 1. 034 ~ 1. 162） , education （elementary school and below ： OR = 1. 301, 95% CI： 1. 169 - 1. 448） , occupation （students： OR = 1. 183, 95% CI： 1. 001 - 1. 399, workers and farmers： OR = 1. 273, 95% CI： 1. 124 - 1. 441 ）, site of injury （ head： OR = 1. 177, 95% CI： 1. 101 - 1. 260, trunk： OR = 1. 441, 95% CI： 1. 289 - 1. 613, multiple parts ： OR = 3, 374, 95% CI： 2. 905 - 3. 917）, nature of injury （ fracture： OR =3. 802, 95% CI： 3. 302 -4. 377, organ damage： OR =2. 210, 95% CI： 1. 894 -2. 578） , pre -hospital time （OR = 1. 004, 95% CI： 1. 002 ~ 1. 006）. Conclusion Fall injuries occurred in the whole population. Among the children, adolescents and people over the age of 60, fall injuries may cause serious outcomes which require hospitalization. The government should formulate specific and effective health policies for the residents of all ages, carry out injury prevention, health education, improve environmental safety facili- ties, and reduce fails injuries, especially serious injuries.
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
2017年第6期351-356,共6页
Occupational Health and Damage
