摘要
目的分析青岛市2005-2015年猩红热流行特征,为做好预防控制工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法对传染病报告信息管理系统报告的2005-2015年青岛市猩红热疫情资料进行地区、季节和人群分布特征分析。结果 2005-2015年青岛市共报告猩红热病例6 262例,年均发病率为6.90/10万。城区发病率高于郊区,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=5 170.75,P<0.01),但近几年郊区扩散趋势明显。发病有明显季节性,呈现2个发病高峰,即3~6月份和10月份至次年1月份。发病主要集中于15岁以下儿童,尤以5~7岁为高发年龄段,6~岁组发病率最高(135.59/10万)。男女发病率之比为1.72∶1,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=436.72,P<0.01)。结论近年来,青岛市猩红热疫情呈现连年上升趋势,并由城区逐步扩散到郊区,有持续高发的风险,托幼机构和小学是疫情防控的重点场所。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of scarlet fever in Qingdao from 2005 to2015. Methods Descriptive epidemiological approaches were used to analyze the spatial,seasonal and population distribution characteristics of cases with scarlet fever reported through national infectious disease reporting and management system in Qingdao city from 2005 to 2015. Results A total of 6 262 cases with scarlet fever were reported in Qingdao city from 2005 to 2015 with the average annual incidence of 6.90 per 100 000.The incidence in urban area was higher than that in rural area（χ^2=5 170.75,P〈0.01）,but an obvious trend of disease spreading was noticed in rural area in recent years.The two peak seasons of scarlet fever in Qingdao were from March to June and from October to January.The majority of cases were children under the age of 15 years old,especially those aged 5-7 years.The highest incidence rate was found in the age group of 6-7 years（135.59 por 100 000）.The male to female case ratio was 1.72∶1 and the difference was significant（χ^2=436.72,P〈0.01）. Conclusions The incidence of scarlet fever in Qingdao shows an up-ward trend in recent years and the disease spreads gradually from urban to suburb area with a risk of sustained high incidence.Elementary schools and kindergartens are the major places for disease prevention and control.
作者
刘艳
段海平
潘蓓
姜法春
LIU Yan;DUAN Hai-ping;PAN Bei;JIANG Fa-chun(Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention , Qingdao Institute of Preventive Medicine, Qingdao, Shandong 266033, Chin)
出处
《中国预防医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2017年第11期832-835,共4页
Chinese Preventive Medicine
基金
青岛市科技指导计划项目(KJZD-14-19-NSH)
关键词
猩红热
疫情
流行特征
发病率
构成比
扩散模式
预防控制
Scarlet fever
Epidemic situation
Epidemic characteristics
Incidence rate
Constituent ratio
Spreading pattern
Prevention and control
