摘要
利用长江流域第一次全国水利普查和流域大中型灌区调研成果,分析了流域中型以上灌区灌溉面积、灌溉水利用系数、灌溉水分生产率和节水灌溉率等效率指标的时空分布特征及变异规律。结果表明:长江流域有效灌溉面积占灌区设计灌溉面积的76%,有效灌溉面积较大的省份主要集中在长江中下游地区;灌溉水利用系数呈现出上游<中游<下游的趋势,西藏最低、上海最高;近十年长江流域节水灌溉面积和节水灌溉率增速超全国平均水平,节水灌溉率与缺水程度和经济发展水平相关;灌溉水分生产率呈上升趋势,但种植结构调整空间不足。研究结果将为流域规模化高效节水布局和节水灌溉技术推广示范提供参考。
This paper analyzes the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and variation rules of irrigated areas, irrigation water use coefficients, irrigation water productivity and water-saving irrigation rate of medium-sizod irrigation areas, based on the results of the first national water conservancy survey and the research on large and medium-sizod irrigation areas in the Changjiang River Basin. The results show that the effective irrigated area accounts for 76% of the irrigated area of the Changjiang River Basin, and the provinces with effective irrigation areas are mainly concentrated in the midstream and downstream of the Changjiang River. The irrigation water use coefficient shows that the upstream is less than the midstream, and the midstream is less than the downstream, and Tibet is the lowest, Shanghai is the highest. In the past ten years, water-saving irrigation area and water-saving irrigation rate in the Changjiang River Basin has been higher than the national average, and the water-saving irrigation rate is related to the degree of water shortage and economic development. The irrigation water productivity shows a rising trend, and the adjustment space is insufficient on the planting structure. The results of the study will provide a reference for the large-scale efficient water-saving layout and popularization of water-saving irrigation technology in the basin.
出处
《中国农村水利水电》
北大核心
2017年第12期1-6,12,共7页
China Rural Water and Hydropower
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51409007)
长江科学院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2017049/NS
CKSF2015023/NS
CKSF 2016039/NS)
关键词
长江流域
灌区
灌溉水利用系数
水分生产率
种植结构
Changjiang River Basin
irrigation area
irrigation water use efficiency
water productivity
planting structure
