摘要
平等是政治哲学的重要价值。传统观点认为,功利主义以个人效用最大化为基本取向,与平等价值的相关度很低。但是经过长期嬗变,当代西方功利主义已然具有平等的价值取向,其建构逻辑一定程度上自洽地实现了功利最大化与平等待人的统一。当代功利主义超越了传统功利主义平等的基础,在道德可能性与现实可行性两个方面论证了功利最大化与平等待人的相容性,提供了符合平等要求的分配结果,并回应了学术界对其平等问题的诸多批评。但是当代功利主义没有超越传统功利主义的理论逻辑和思维轨道。运用马克思主义研究方法发现,当代西方功利主义平等观在理论基础、基本内容和主要观点方面均存在根本的缺陷,只有马克思主义平等观的哲学基础和社会主张,才是解决社会平等的本真论证和现实路径。
Equality is an important value in the political philosophy. According to the traditional point of the view,utilitarian only pay attention to utility maximization,neglecting the value of equality.But the contemporary utilitarianism has possessed the characteristics of egalitarianism during a long period of evolution. The contemporary utilitarianism provides a better basis of equality than the classical utilitarianism. The theory demonstrates compatibility between utility maximization and equality principle on both moral possibility and realistic feasibility,and generates egalitarian distribution outcomes.Moreover,the contemporary utilitarianism responds lots of forceful criticisms improving its equality theory. Nonetheless,the theory doesn`t completely get rid of previous logic and research path of the classical utilitarianism. According to Marxist analysis method,there are some foundational flaws on theoretical basis,basic content and main points of the contemporary utilitarianism. As a result,only equality theory of Marxist is the real principle and approch to solve the social equality issues.
出处
《政治学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第6期24-33,共10页
CASS Journal of Political Science
基金
国家社会科学重大项目"推进国家治理体系现代化研究"(014ZDA011)的研究成果
国家"万人计划"哲学社会科学领军人才项目"当代中国治理模式研究"的研究成果
关键词
当代功利主义
平等
评析
contemporary utilitarianism
equality
review
