摘要
列当属为列当科中最大的属,其中多种植物作为药用,具有补肾、强身之功效。该属植物次生代谢产物丰富,含有苯乙醇苷、木脂素、萜类等成分,其主要活性物质为苯乙醇苷类。苯乙醇苷类成分在列当属中广泛存在,是一类以苯乙醇基与葡萄糖苷化后形成的含有酯键及氧苷键的天然水溶性糖苷。目前从列当属中分离得到的苯乙醇苷类化合物为24个,多具有以下特征,与苷元直接相连的中心糖为葡萄糖的单糖苷,中心葡萄糖的3位多与鼠李糖相连的二糖苷;第2个葡萄糖或木糖与中心葡萄糖的6位相连的三糖苷,在中心葡萄糖的4或6位还常连有咖啡酰基、阿魏酰基或香豆酰基等官能团。基于以上结构特点,苯乙醇苷类化合物具有广泛而显著的药理活性。现代药理研究也表明,列当属植物具有良好的抗氧化、抗菌、增强免疫及雄性激素样等作用,在临床上广泛用于肾虚、小儿腹泻、肠炎、痢疾等病症的治疗。该文综述了国内外有关列当属药用植物化学成分、生物活性以及临床应用的研究进展,为列当属药用植物的深度开发提供参考。
Orobanche is the largest genus in Orobanchaceae,and its many plants have been used as medicinal plants,with the effects of kidney-tonifying and strengthening human health. The secondary metabolites of this genus plants are abundant,including phenylethanoid glycosides（ Ph Gs）,lignans and terpenoids. Among them,Ph Gs are the main active substance,which is widely distributed in Orobanche. It is a kind of natural watersoluble glycoside containing ester bond and oxygen glycosidic bond which are formed after phenethyl alcohol directly links with glucose aglycone. 24 Ph Gs have been isolated from Orobanche plants,mainly with the following structural characteristics： the glucose commonly links directly with the aglycone; the sugar moiety of disaccharide glycosides consists of glucose and rhamnose,with a glucose（ 3 → 1） rhamnose linkage; when the Ph Gs are to be a trisaccharide glycoside,an additional glucose or xylose usually appears at C6 position of the center glucose; and in its position of C4 or C6,coumaroyl or caffeoyl is usually located. Based on the above structures,Ph Gs have a widely scope and remarkable pharmacological activities. Modern pharmacological research also shows that,the plants of this genus have many effects such as antioxidant,antibacterial,enhancing immunity and male hormone action; consequently,they are widely used for kidney deficiency,infantile diarrhea,enteritis,diarrhea and other diseases in clinical application. This paper would summarize the research advances in chemical constituents,bioactivities and clinical application of Orobanche,and provide the reference for the further investigation and development of Orobanche.
作者
曲正义
金银萍
张玉伟
王兆森
姚春林
王英平
QU Zheng-yi;JIN Yin-ping;ZHANG Yu-wei;WANG Zhao-sen;YAO Chun-lin;WANG Ying-ping(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Science of CAAS, Changchun 130112, China;Jilin Province in Deep Processing of Chinese Herbal Medicine Pilot Co. Ltd. , Jilin 132109, China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2018年第1期209-216,共8页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
吉林市科技计划项目(201162512)
中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ISAPS)
关键词
列当属
苯乙醇苷
化学成分
生物活性
临床应用
Orobanche
phenylethanoid glycosides
chemical components
bioactivity
clinical application
