摘要
岩石热物理性质的基础研究大致经历了4个阶段,已广泛应用于岩石圈热结构、沉积盆地热演化史、岩土工程、地热等领域,近年来在油气领域的科学问题上备受关注。在归纳总结岩石热物理性质当前研究进展的基础上,对未来的发展趋势进行了展望。热导率是表征岩石热物理性质最重要的参数,其获取方法以室内实验室测量为主,测量方法有稳态法和非稳态法两大类。此外还发展了一些基于圆柱形热源探管、圆盘形热源探管、球形热源探管的原位点测方法和基于数理统计的预测方法和模型。学者们通过大量实验探讨了岩石热导率参数与其他物理性质之间的内在关系,并以火山岩、碳酸盐岩、碎屑岩等常见岩石实验结果验证其存在的一般规律。研究表明岩石的热导率受多种因素影响,岩石学特征是其中最重要的因素,孔隙度、含流体性质、声学特性也与之密切相关,同时会受到温度、压力、各向异性的影响。纵观岩石热物理性质的研究现状,认为在油气领域有以下发展趋势:首先,页岩气作为目前油气勘探的热点,其形成机理和成藏过程受页岩热物理性质的控制,但页岩热导率与有机孔、有机碳含量、含气量、可压裂特征间的关系还未可知,因此探索含气页岩的热物理性质是一大研究方向。其次,大数据研究是大势所趋,尽管岩石热学参数的数据库在不断扩大,但要想得到准确的岩石原位热导率大数据库,在井中完成热导率原位连续测量则是最好的方法。因此发展基于岩石热物理性质的测井方法原理和仪器研究是另一大发展趋势。
The fundamental researches about thermal physical properties of rocks have much concern in oil and gas field. They go through four stages and are applied in thermal structure of lithosphere, thermal evolution of sedi- mentary basins, geotechnical engineering and geothermal area. This article summarized the current research pro- gress on the basis of thermal physical properties of rocks and proposed the development of tendency for the future. Moreover, some cylindrical heat pipe, disc heat pipe, spherical heat pipe based on in-situ measurement method and prediction model based on mathematical statistics have been developed. The scholars discuss the internal rela- tion between thermal conductivity parameter of rocks and other physical properties by a large number of experi- ments. The researches show that the thermal conductivity of rocks is affected by many factors, and the petrologic characteristic is the most important factor. The porosity of rocks, filled fluid properties, acoustic characteristics are also related to thermal conductivity, which is affected by temperature, pressure and anisotropy. In consideration of the study of thermal physical properties of rocks, we proposed the following tendency for the future. First of all, shale gas is regarded as a hot spot in oil-gas exploration and the formation mechanism and the formation of shale gas reservoir are under the control of thermal physical properties of shale gas, but the relationship among thermal con- ductivity and organic porous, organic carbon content, gas content, fractured characteristics remains unknown. Therefore, exploring the thermal physical properties of gas-bearing shale is an important research direction in oil and gas field. Secondly, the study of big data represents the general trend. Though the database of rocks thermal parameter is continually expanding, measuring in-situ thermal conductivity continuously in well is the best method to get the accurate in-situ thermal conductivity of rocks. Hence, the development of logging method principle and logging instruments based on thermal physical properties of rocks is a necessary trend for the future.
出处
《地球科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期1072-1083,共12页
Advances in Earth Science
基金
西南石油大学大学生课外开放实验项目(编号:KSZ16040)资助~~
关键词
热物理性质
热导率
影响因素
页岩气
原位连续测量
Thermal physical properties
Thermal conductivity
Influence factor
Shale gas
Continuous insitu measurement.
