摘要
精神创伤是灾难性事件在心理过程中产生持续和深远影响甚至精神失常而导致的心理伤害。受害人由于不知道精神创伤的根源而永远无法走出创伤的影响。类似弗洛伊德帮助病人把创伤性经历从无意识转入意识,理解其成因和蕴含,从而治愈精神创伤的"谈话治疗",作家在文学作品中用创伤叙事使受创伤者重现过去的创伤情景,将创伤与历史记忆联系起来,找到创伤的根源,从而医治他们的创伤。美国后现代主义作家多克特罗在其历史小说《但以理书》(1971)中,从政治左翼的视角,用创伤叙事重构了50年代但以理的父母被国家以叛国罪电刑处死的悲剧及其给后代留下的精神创伤,暴露创伤的根源是美国联邦政府违反民主制度的政治暴力,表达了政治左翼的思想主张:参与意识形态的重构,改变美国权力机构的形象。
Trauma is a psychological wound caused by catastrophic events, which exert a continual and far-reaching impact and even lead to lunacy in the process. Without knowing the root of trauma, the victims are unlikely to walk out of this traumatic impact. Similar to Freud＇s talk therapy, which attempts to cure trauma by transferring the patients＇ traumatic experience from unconsciousness to consciousness, by understandingits cause and content, trauma narrative in literary works enables trauma victims to repro- duce past traumatic scenes, relate their trauma to historical memory, and thus cure their trauma. In his historical novel The Book of Daniel （1971）, E.L. Doctorow employs trauma narrative from his perspective of the political left-wing. The novel tells the tragedy of Daniel＇s parents, who were electrocuted by the state on a charge of treason in 1950s, and describes the severe trauma that event has left on the younger generation of the family, revealing that the root of their trauma is the state＇s political violence that violates democ- racy. In this way Doctorow conveys his belief in the importance of participating in ideo- logical reconstruction and improving the image of American authorities.
出处
《当代外国文学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第3期19-25,共7页
Contemporary Foreign Literature
基金
中国人民大学科学研究基金明德学者项目"美国作家E.L.多克特罗研究"(10XNJ056)阶段性成果
关键词
多克特罗
《但以理书》
政治暴力
精神创伤
创伤叙事
E.L. Doctorow, The Book of Daniel, political violence, psychologicaltrauma, trauma narrative
