摘要
采用水质单因子质量指数法和富营养化水平法,对2014、2016年山东、福建、广西和海南4省域近岸海域海水水质进行分析和评价。结果表明:1)4省域近岸海域水质超标污染物主要有无机氮、活性磷酸盐等,其中福建宁德、厦门和广西钦州海区超标率最高。2)福建宁德、福州、厦门和广西钦州海区水质评价为差,福建莆田、泉州及山东东营海区水质评价为一般,其余均为优良,省域范围以海南海域最好;福建宁德和山东威海海区为轻度富营养,福建厦门和广西钦州海区为中度富营养。3)无机氮含量在4省域均呈现2016年大于2014年的趋势,其余水质监测项目年际变化小。4)2016年4省域近岸海域海水评价等级较2014年均存在下降趋势,其中福建、广西和山东近岸海域水质总体评价等级均下降一个级别,海南近岸海域水质维持优级;水质变差的主要原因为一类海水比例减少和四类、劣四类海水比例增加,但营养化等级维持在贫营养。
In this study, we used the single factor index and eutrophication index methods to analyze and evaluate sea water quality of inshore from 2014 to 2016 in Shandong, Fujian, Guangxi, Hainan provinces. The results showed that： 1） The major pollutants in inshore were inorganic nitrogen and labile phosphate. Among sea area, Ninde, Xiamen of Fujian, and Qinzhou of Guangxi occupied the highest over-standard rate with poor water quality. 2） Among four provinces, inshore of Hainan province had the best water quality. All sea area had excellent or good water quality except Ninde, Fuzhou, Xiamen of Fujian and Qinzhou （poor level） of Guangxi and Putian, Quanzhou of Fujian and Dongyin （common level） of Guangxi. In detail, the sea area in Ninde of Fujian and Weihai of Shandong had light eutrophica-tion but the inshore in Xiamen of Fujian and Qinzhou of Guangxi had moderate eutrophication. 3） All monitoring indices had few changes from 2014 to 2016 except inorganic nitrogen. 4） Compared with 2014, sea water quality decreased in 2016 in all four provinces, and eu-trophication maintained oligotrophication. In detail, sea water quality in Fujian, Guangxi and Shandong dropped a rank due to the de-crease of first level sea water and the increase of fourth and inferior fourth levels, but it maintained excellent quality in Hainan.
作者
吴建平
WU Jianping(Guangxi Research Academy of Environmental Protection Sciences, Nanning,Guangxi 53002)
出处
《武夷学院学报》
2017年第9期28-34,共7页
Journal of Wuyi University
关键词
水质
近岸海域
富营养
评价级别
sea water quality
inshore
eutrophication
assessment
