摘要
目的探讨儿童接种水痘疫苗效果及影响因素。方法 160例适龄接种儿童,依据数字表法分为对照组和接种疫苗组,各80例。对照组患儿未接种水痘疫苗,接种疫苗组患儿接种水痘疫苗。比较两组患儿2年内水痘发生率及水痘免疫球蛋白(lg)G抗体,并分析接种疫苗组儿童水痘保护率、有无免疫史儿童水痘带状疱疹病毒感染发生情况及不良反应。结果接种疫苗组患儿的2年内水痘发生率7.50%低于对照组的25.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接种疫苗组患儿的水痘lg G抗体水平为(2.021±0.691)m IU/ml,显著高于对照组的(0.002±0.001)m IU/ml,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接种疫苗组80例儿童水痘保护率达到92.50%,共6例发生水痘带状疱疹病毒感染,发病率为7.50%。其中有免疫史45例,无一例发生水痘带状疱疹病毒感染;无免疫史35例,6例出现水痘带状疱疹病毒感染,发病率为17.14%。接种后仅有个别患儿出现轻度发热和红肿,无其他严重不良反应。结论儿童接种水痘疫苗效果效果确切,可降低水痘发生率,提高水痘保护率,且有免疫史发病率低于无免疫史发病率,无全身和局部严重不良反应,安全性高。
Objective To discuss the effect of varicella vaccine for children and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 160 age-appropriate children were divided by number table method into control group and vaccinated group, with 80 cases in each group. The control group received no varicella vaccine, and the vaccinated group received varicella vaccine. Comparison were made on the incidence of varicella within 2 years and varicella immunoglobulin（Ig） G antibody in two groups, and analysis were made on protection rate of varicella in children, history of immunity, varicella zoster virus infection and adverse reactions in vaccinated group. Results The vaccinated group had lower incidence of varicella within 2 years as 7.50% than 25.00% in the control group, and their difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The vaccinated group had obviously higher varicella IgG antibody level as（2.021±0.691） m IU/ml than（0.002±0.001） m IU/ml in the control group, and their difference was statistically significant（P〈0.05）. The vaccinated group had protection rate of varicella in children as 92.50%, and there were 6 cases of varicella zoster virus infection, with morbidity as 7.50%. There were 45 cases with immunity history, and none of them had varicella zoster virus infection. 6 cases had no immunity history, and all 6 cases had varicella zoster virus infection, with morbidity as 17.14%. Only a few children had mild fever and redness after inoculation, and no other serious adverse reactions occurred. Conclusion Varicella vaccination shows definite effect in children, and can reduce the incidence of varicella, improve protection rate of varicella. Children with immunization history has lower morbidity than children without immunized history. No systemic and local serious adverse reactions occurred. It has high security, and worthy of promotion
出处
《中国现代药物应用》
2017年第20期29-31,共3页
Chinese Journal of Modern Drug Application
关键词
儿童
接种水痘疫苗
效果
影响因素
Children
Varicella vaccination
Effect
Influencing factors
