摘要
为研究灌水对低温冻害后小麦植株性状和产量影响的规律,以‘周麦22’为研究对象,研究拔节期小麦在-6℃低温环境下维持4 h后,分别在处理后第1、4、7天对小麦灌水,灌水量为保持土壤含水量26%、18%、10%,并分别记录小麦后期植株性状和产量的变化。研究结果显示,随着灌水时间的延迟和灌水量的减少,低温处理后小麦分蘖茎存活率逐渐降低,对植株性状、穗部性状和产量性状以及产量的恢复效果影响逐渐降低。低温处理后第4天之前灌水,且土壤含水量达到26%时小麦大分蘖存活率显著提高,第1天灌水,且土壤含水量达到18%以上时小麦潜蘖再生率显著增加。低温处理后第4天之前灌水,土壤含水量达到18%时小麦植株性状增加明显,第1天灌水,灌水后土壤含水量达到18%时小麦穗部结实性状明显增加。低温处理后第4天之前灌水,且土壤含水量达到18%以上时小麦大蘖穗产量明显增加,第1天灌水且土壤含水量达到26%时小麦潜蘖成穗增加显著。试验中,灌水对小麦株成穗数影响较大,对小麦穗粒数和千粒重影响较小。
To study the impact of irrigation on wheat plant characters and yield change after low-temperature freezing,＆#39;Zhoumai 22＆#39;was chosen as experimental subject,wheat plant characters and yield in late stage were analyzed when irrigation was done on the 1st,4th,7th day after keeping wheat plants under-6℃ for 4 hours in jointing stage and the soil moisture was 26%,18% and 10%.The results showed that,with the irrigation time delay and irrigation water reduction,wheat tillering stem survival rate decreased gradually after freezing injury,the impact on characters of plant,ear,yield and the recovery of production decreased gradually.The highest tillering survival rate was obtained when irrigation after low-temperature freezing was conducted within 4 days and the soil moisture was 26%,the latent tillers regeneration rate significantly increased when irrigation after low-temperature freezing was conducted on the 1st day and the soil moisture was 18%.The plant characters significantly increased when irrigation after low-temperature freezing was conducted within 4 days and soil moisture was 18%,the ear yield character significantly increased when irrigation after low-temperature freezing was conducted on the 1st day and the soil moisture was 18%.The big ear production significantly increased when irrigation after low-temperature freezing was conducted within 4 days and the soil moisture was 18%,the latent tillers live rate significantly increased when irrigation after low-temperature freezing was conducted on the 1st day and the soil moisture was 26%.This study showed that the irrigation had more influence on wheat forming ear while less influence on kernels per spike and grain weight.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2017年第25期1-7,共7页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资金"国家小麦产业技术体系专项"(CARS-03-2)
关键词
小麦
低温冻害
灌水
植株性状
产量
wheat
low-temperature freezing
irrigation
plant character
yield
