摘要
为了降低收获过程中的牧草损失,选择最佳的割草压扁机设计参数,对割草压扁机割刀转速和压扁辊转速及其匹配对苜蓿收获质量的影响进行了研究。利用ADAMS软件对割台和植株进行了虚拟样机建模,并利用模型进行了苜蓿植株的切割喂入试验,通过收获过程中割刀与植株平均接触力、压扁辊与植株平均接触力、输送时间等仿真数据,拟合其随割刀转速和压扁辊转速的变化趋势和方程,定义了评判割草机对植株破坏程度的碎草系数并建立了模型。根据碎草系数模型,当割刀转速ng=1 875 r/min,压扁辊转速ny=749 r/min时,割草压扁机对苜蓿植株的破坏最小。利用田间试验对碎草系数与实际碎草率的相关关系进行了验证,两者的决定系数R2=0.958 76。通过碎草系数预测的最低碎草率约为8.38%,比原始样机减少了3.97个百分点,由此可使鲜苜蓿增收约0.47 t/hm2,比原始样机产量提高了4.53%。
In order to lower the harvesting loss of alfalfa crop during the harvesting process, and optimize the working parameter of mower conditioner, the research of harvesting quality influenced by rolls and disks speed was conducted. A virtual prototype of machine and a mechanical model of plant were built by ADAMS software to simulate the process that alfalfa being cut, fed and conditioned. During the simulation at different rolls and disks speeds, average contact force between disks and plant, average contact force between rolls and plant, feeding time and conditioning time were recorded, and fitting equations reflected the relationship between them and working parameter of mower conditioner were built. According to the equations, a crush coefficient model was defined, which can reflect the degree to which the plants would be crushed by machine. As the crush coefficient model shown, when the disks speed ng was 1 875 r/min and the conditioner roll speed ny was 749 r/min, the damage of plants caused by machine can be minimized. Field experiments were conducted by using different ratios between disks speed and rolls speed, and real damage rate was measured, the result verified the linear relationship between crush coefficient and real damage rate, in this case, the determination coefficient R2 was 0. 958 76. According to the field experiments and crush coefficient model, the lowest theoretical crush rate was 8.38%, which was 3.97 percentage points lower than the original crush rate, thus the fresh weight harvesting yield can be increased by about 0.47 t/hm^2 , which was 4.53% higher than before.
作者
邬备
王德成
王光辉
付作立
康琛琛
WU Bei WANG Decheng WANG Guanghui FU Zuoli KANG Chenchen(College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期76-83,共8页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203024)
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-35)
关键词
割草压扁机
虚拟样机
参数优化
试验
mower conditioner
virtual prototype
parameter optimization
experiment
