摘要
三峡库区腹地作为生态环境脆弱和土壤侵蚀敏感地区,其土壤侵蚀研究对库区生态建设具有重要意义。选取大宁河和梅溪河流域,借助GIS和RS技术,以1988,2000,2010,2015年遥感影像为数据源,结合实地调查,提取土壤侵蚀数据,通过土壤侵蚀强度综合指数、景观格局指数等研究方法,分析其不同高程、坡度带土壤侵蚀演变空间差异,探究土壤侵蚀防控的措施。结果表明:(1)从土壤侵蚀严重程度来看,2个流域最严重土壤侵蚀带及其演变趋势均具有较大的差异性。大宁河流域1 000~1 200m范围内的25°~35°坡度带最为严重,梅溪河流域则以800~1 000m范围内的25°~35°坡度带最为严重;(2)从土壤侵蚀演变程度来看,两流域土壤侵蚀演变程度快慢存在一定的差异性。大宁河流域以>2 000 m高程带和>35°坡度带演变最明显,<200m和<5°坡度带最不明显;梅溪河流域则以1 000~1 200m高程带和25°~35°坡度带演变速度最快,<200m和<5°坡度带最不明显;(3)从土壤侵蚀景观格局演变特征来看,在800~1 200m高程带和25°~35°坡度带,大宁河流域土壤侵蚀剧烈程度可能性大于梅溪河流域。以上研究结果,为后续对两流域800~1 200m高程带不同坡度、25°~35°坡度带不同高程的土壤侵蚀空间分布规律以及主控自然因子与土壤侵蚀的相互关系等科学问题的研究奠定了基础。
As an area with fragile ecological environment and sensitive soil erosion,the study about soil erosion on the Three Gorges Reservoir Area is of great significance to its ecological construction.In this paper,Daning River Basin and Meixi River Basin were selected as the study areas.Based on the Remote Sensing mages in the year of 1988,2000,2010 and 2015, and by using GIS and RS technique combined with field survey,the data about soil erosion were extracted and the spatial variability of soil erosion evolution in different elevations and slope belts were analyzed through the comprehensive index of soil erosion intensity and l and scape pattern index.Finally,based on the natural and socio-economic analysis and the reasons of the spatial differences of the basin,this paper explores the measures for soil erosion prevention and control.The results showed that（1）the most serious soil erosion zone and its evolution trend in the two river basins were different,from the point of view in the severity of soil erosion.The most serious erosion zones of Daning River Basin were in the elevation from 1 000 m to 1 200 m and in the slope from 25°to 35°,however the most serious erosion about the Meixi River Basin occurred in the elevations from 800 m to 1 000 m and in the slope of 25°to 〉35°;（2）the evolution of soil erosion were different in the two river basins.The soil evolution of Daning River Basin in〉2 000 melevation and 35°slope were the most serious,but not obvious in200m and 0°-5°degrees;（3）from the soil erosion l and scape pattern evolution,in 800 to 1 200 m and 25°to 35°elevation slope belt,the possibility of soil erosion intensity in Daning River Basin was greater than that in Meixi River Basin.All above research results laid the foundation of the following up researches about science problem,which not only included spatial distribution of soil erosion in the height zone of 800-1 200 m withdifferent slope and in the slope of 25°to 35°with different elevation,but also the relationship between the main natural factors and soil erosion.
作者
李睿康
李阳兵
文雯
周亚琳
LI Ruikang LI Yangbing WEN Wen ZHOU Yalin(School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331)
出处
《水土保持学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第5期99-107,共9页
Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
重庆市基础与前沿研究计划项目(cstc2015jcyjBX0128)
重庆师范大学研究生科研创新项目(YKC16007)
重庆市研究生科研创新项目(CYS17177)
关键词
土壤侵蚀
典型流域
空间差异
三峡库区腹地
soil erosion
typical watershed
spatial differentia
Three Gorges Reservoir Abdominal Area
