摘要
转基因食品自问世以来就广受争议,也引发了转基因食品的标识之争。美国自20世纪90年代以来一直坚持自愿标识原则,但是随着消费者要求强制标识的呼声日益强烈,各州相继出台了转基因食品强制标识的地方立法。2016年7月,美国联邦层面通过了转基因食品强制标识法案,这标志美国的转基因食品标识制度发生了重大转变。作为转基因食品的生产和出口大国,美国的这一转变将动摇国际社会转基因食品自愿标识的基础,进而影响到全球转基因食品标识制度的变革。本文通过分析美国出台转基因食品强制标识法案的深层次原因及影响,对比欧盟转基因食品标识制度的形成过程,探究美国转基因食品标识制度的发展方向,希望以此对我国转基因食品标识立法的完善和国际贸易战略的确立有所启迪。
Genetically Modified ＂GM＂ food labeling law has been heatedly discussed in the recent years due to the different opinions on the GM food safety. The United States had adhered to the practice of voluntary labeling since the 1990s. In July 2016, the US Congress passed a new bill （ S. 764） to require mandatory labeling of GM food across the country. Since the United States is the largest producer of GM food in the world, the shift of its labeling regime may lead to the formation of a unified global GM food labeling system. Nevertheless, this may also upset US trade partners like Canada and Mexico, which still adopts the voluntary labeling system for GM foods. Through analyzing the reasons and potential impact behind the US compulsory labeling law and the perfection of US labeling law compared with the EU labeling regime, the author hopes to shed some light on the modification of Chinese GM food labeling law and trade policy.
出处
《比较法研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第5期158-169,共12页
Journal of Comparative Law
基金
国家社科基金重点课题"世界各国对转基因食品的政策和法律规制比较研究"(14AGJ004)的阶段性成果
关键词
强制标识法案
自愿标识
妥协
制度统一
mandatory labeling law
voluntary labeling
compromise
unification
