摘要
利用1976-2015年大兴安岭6个地面气象站40 a的气象观测资料,分析冰雾时空分布特征和气象要素之间关系。分析结果发现:空间分布北多南少;时间分布具有明显的年际、月际和日变化。年际变化呈双峰值分布,20世纪90年代中后期和21世纪初期分别出现了峰值,冰雾减少率为4.4 d/10 a;1月出现冰晶雾次数最多;雾日变化呈单峰分布,8-9时雾发生比例最高为86%,冰雾维持时间平均7 h,最长可达19.5 h。冰雾生成与温度、湿度、风力、温度露点差等关系密切。冰雾出现时,日最低气温低于-40℃时,冰雾出现概率达到78%;相对湿度多集中在70-80%;全区平均温度露点差为2.9℃;对应的最多风向为静风,风力集中在0-2 m/s的范围内。
Based on the meteorological observation data of six ground meteorological stations in Daxing＇anling from 1976 to 2015, the relationship between temporal and spatial distribution of ice fog and meteorological factors was analyzed. The results show that, the spatial distribution is more in northern China and less in South; the temporal distribution has obvious inter-annual, monthly and diurnal variations. The inter-annual variability showed a double peak distribution, and peaked in the middle and late 1990 s and the beginning of the 21 st century, respectively. The reduction rate of the fog was 4.4 d/10 a.; In January the ice fog appear most; fog days variation showed a unimodal distribution, the highest proportion of 8-9 when the fog occurrence is 86%, the average pogonip maintenance time is 7 h, up to 19.5 h.. Ice fog generation has close relationship with temperature,humidity, wind and temperature dew point. When the pogonip appears, if the daily minimum temperature lower than-40 DEG C, pogonip probability reached 78%; the relative humidity is concentrated at 70-80%; the average temperature difference is 2.9 ℃; the maximum wind direction is Static wind and the speed isconcentrated in the range of 0-2 m/s.
作者
陆忠涛
侯士彬
周彦玲
胡本刚
侯士波
LU Zhong-tao HOU Shi-bin ZHOU Yan-ling HU Ben-gang HOU Shi-bo(Daxinganling Regional Meteorological Bureau, Heilongjiang Jiagedaqi 165000 Youyi county meteorological bureau, Heilongjiang Youyi 155899)
出处
《黑龙江气象》
2017年第2期4-6,19,共4页
Heilongjiang Meteorology
关键词
冰雾
气候特征
气象要素
分析
Ice fog
climatic characteristics
meteorological elements
