摘要
伴随着新能源汽车产业的发展,中国政府有关新能源汽车产业政策也在不断地跟进。梳理相关产业政策变迁之中的内在逻辑,分析政策工具的选择是一项极为重要的任务。本文基于政策框架理论及其分析方法,对有关新能源汽车研究文献进行了分析,将关注重点从政策的评价转到从历史的角度关注新能源政策变迁的推动力上。政策变迁是与其动力因素密切相关的,这些动力因素又总是体现为政策变迁的主导力量。在中国新能源汽车产业的政策变迁历程中,其主导力量或政策制定的主要影响因素不断变化,中国新能源汽车的发展政策也可以分为政府主导、汽车厂商主导和消费者主导的三个阶段。政策变迁体现了政策本身的社会价值。基于中国新能源汽车发展的各种不同政策要素及其相关性,本文发现,在中国新能源汽车产业的组织性政策工具、管制性政策工具、经济诱因性政策工具、信息性政策工具和资源性政策工具这五个方面,经济诱因性工具和信息性工具应该是推动新能源汽车产业的关键工具,组织性和管制性工具只适用于产业化初期,后期应逐渐减少,而自愿性工具在新能源汽车产业市场完善前不提倡使用,在该产业市场得到完善后可以成为政府的选择之一。经过研究发现,在新能源汽车产业发展过程中,政府应注意自身的作用范围,适当处理市场与政府规制的便捷,降低交易成本,提高规制效率,是未来产业化政策工具选择应重点关注的环节。同时,政府必须在政策上致力于技术创新,把通过技术创新推动新能源汽车产业发展作为重要的政策目标。
The development of new energy vehicle （ hereafter as NEV） i ndustry in C hi na has been a more and more significant force fort he development of automobil e i ndustry. With t he development of t he NEVi ndustry,the NEV-related government has been updated. Cardi ng t he i nner logi c of t he changes of t he NEV-related policy, analysis of t he policy i nstrument sselection i s crucial. Based on the policy framework t heory and it s analytical method,the present article analyses t he NEV-relatedresearches,changes t he concentration from t he policy evaluation t o t he impetus of t he changes of t he NEV-related policy from ahistorical perspective,and to test t he factors t hat promote t he changes of NEV-related policy. Policy changes are tightl y related t o it simpetus factors,and t hese impetus factors are always shown as t he leadi ng power of t he policy changes. In t he changing history NEV-related policy ^,it s leadi ng power or the main i nfluencc factors of t he policing making procedure are always change. The NEV-relatedpolicy coul d be divided i nto t he government leadi ng stage, t he automobil e manufacturers leadi ng stage, and the customers leadi ng stage. The changes of policy show t he social val ue of t he policy its el f. Based on t he diferent policy element s and t heir correlations i n t he NEV development,the current paper found t hat,i n the organizational policyi nstruction,regulatory policy i nstrument,economi ci ndustry. Organizational and regulatory policy instruments are appropriate for t he early stage of t he i ndustrialization and shoul d be decreased i n t he later stage. Voluntary policy i nstrument can be a significant choice w hen t he market has been completed. In t hedevelopment of t he NEV i ndustr y,the government should care about it s sphere of actions, deal wit h t he border of t he government alregulation appropriately,decrease the trade cost,and i ncrease the regulation efficiency. Also,government shoul d devote itself to t het echnological innovation,and promote the development of NEV industry through the t echnological innovation.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第10期198-208,共11页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家发展与改革委员会发展规划司项目"跨越中等收入阶段面临的风险挑战及应对措施"
关键词
新能源汽车
产业政策
政策变迁
政策工具
new energy vehicles （NEV）
i ndustrial policy
policy changes
policy i nstrument s
