摘要
水力磨坊是中世纪西欧社会的一项基础服务设施,亦是领主收益的重要来源。水力磨坊的普及应用经历了漫长曲折的发展过程。虽然早在古罗马时期人们就已应用水力并掌握了磨坊相关的技术革新,但直至中世纪时期水力磨坊才在西欧社会传播开来。究其原因,这与中世纪早期欧洲劳动力的短缺、修道院应用水力磨坊的极大热忱、基督教影响下的尊重劳动和积极利用自然的观念、封建领主的大力投资和农民不断增长的需求等都密切相关。
The watermill was an infrastructure in medieval Western Europe and an important source of revenue for the lords. However,the widespread use of the watermill experienced a long and tortuous development process. Although the water power had been used and the watermill-related technological innovations had been mastered as early as the ancient Rome,the watermill did not realize its diffusion until the Middle Ages in Western Europe,which attributed to such factors as the severe labor shortage in the early Middle Ages,the monasteries＇ great enthusiasm for using the watermill,the concept of respecting manual work and harnessing nature actively under the influence of Christianity,the large scale investment made by the lords and the increasing demand of peasants.
出处
《鲁东大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2017年第5期26-33,共8页
Ludong University Journal:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
关键词
中世纪
西欧
水力磨坊
奴隶制
基督教
Middle Ages
Western Europe
watermill
slavery
Christianity
