摘要
目的分析医务人员血源性职业暴露情况及相关危险因素,为医务人员有效规避血源性职业暴露风险提供参考。方法回顾性调查某三甲医院2012-2016年医务人员职业暴露情况,统计分析发生血源性职业暴露医务人员的年龄、工作年限、职称、职务、暴露方式、暴露部位、暴露源种类以及暴露发生的场所等情况。结果 79名发生血源性职业暴露的医务人员中≤30岁的占73.41%、工作年限≤10年的占87.34%、初级职称的占82.28%;护士是发生血源性职业暴露的主要群体,占67.09%;职业暴露发生场所以外科为主,占54.43%,高于内科(39.24%)和医技科室(6.33%);针头扎伤是医务人员发生血源性职业暴露的主要暴露方式,占83.54%;手指是主要暴露部位,占75.95%;HBV是主要的潜在感染源,占64.37%。结论对于血源性职业暴露事件,低年资医务人员和护士、外科科室、针头扎伤是发生职业暴露的高危因素。应针对发生血源性职业暴露高危因素做好职业防护宣教,制定科学、合理的防范措施,降低医务人员职业暴露概率。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the status of bloodborne occupational exposure among health care workers and analyze the related risk factors so as to provide guidance for effective prevention of the bloodborne occupational exposure among the health care workers.METHODS The prevalence of occupational exposure among the health care workers was retrospectively investigated in a three A hospital from 2012 to 2016.The statistical analysis was performed for the health care workers with occupational exposure,including the age,work experience,titles,duties,exposure approaches,exposure sites,types of exposure sources and exposure sites.RESULTS Among 79 health care workers who had the bloodborne occupational exposure,73.41% were no more than 30 years old,87.34% had the work experience no more than 10 years,and 82.28% had the primary titles.Nurses were the major population with the bloodborne occupational exposure,accounting for 67.09% .The surgery department was dominant among the occupational exposure sites,accounting for 54.45% ,higher than 39.21% of the internal medicine department and 6.34% of the medical department.Needle stick injury was the major exposure approach among the health care workers,accounting for 83.54% .Fingers were the major exposure site,accounting for 75.95% .HBV was the major potential source of infection,accounting for 64.37% .CONCLUSIONThe health care workers with less work experience,surgery departments and needle stick injuries are the high risk factors for the bloodborne occupational exposure.It is necessary to conduct the occupational protection propaganda and education and put forward the scientific,reasonable prevention measures according to the high risk factors for the bloodborne occupational exposure so as to reduce the incidence of the occupational exposure among the health care workers.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第18期4290-4293,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
基金
济南军区总医院院长基金资助项目(2015QN02)
关键词
医务人员
血源性病原体
职业暴露
危险因素
Heath care worker
Bloodborne pathogen
Occupational exposure
Risk factor
