摘要
文章将"体验-世界"的关系作为旅游分析的核心概念。通过词源梳理,对体验与经验的概念进行了必要的区分。分析指出,词源上体验应被理解为是对某物的经验。在对Heidegger栖居思想与世界的观念的解析中,研究指出体验即对艺术的经验,由此得出三组命题:(1)艺术揭示世界;(2)对艺术的经验发生在世界与大地的争执当中;(3)经验艺术的形式是一种游戏的方式。结合前人分析,研究就旅游体验的内涵做了定义上的补充:旅是去远,游是游戏。在游戏论的框架下分析指出:旅游世界的封闭是由其观赏者来完成的。相比其他参与者,作为与戏者及观赏者出现的旅游者,在旅游及游戏的三元结构(游戏者-游戏-观赏者)中更具有一种方法论上的优先性。以上观念的提出为旅游体验阐释框架的建构提供出了一种新的可能。
Since the concept of ＂experience＂ was applied to the study of tourism,the arguments about tourist experience in academic circles never stops.Scholars have interpreted tourist experience from multi-disciplines and multiple perspectives,leading to emergence of a lot of experience-related concepts.Looking back upon those documents,more and more importance has been attached to the thought and methods coming from phenomenology in the process of analyzing tourist experience in the study of tourism since 1964.Following Husserlian＇s phenomenological approach,Xie Yanjun and his research fellows used ＂life-world＂ and ＂tourism-world＂ concepts to analyze the specificity of tourist experience scenes.In the meantime,Yang Zhenzhi and other scholars followed phenomenological thought of Heidegger et al.They pointed out in discussions that ＂man dwells poetically on this earth＂ was a fundamental feature of tourism experience.Upon comparing their viewpoints,we can see that the word ＂world＂ is not only a primary fact of phenomenology,but also an important bridge connecting academic viewpoints of Xie Yanjun,Yang Zhenzhi,et al.However,by now no tourism researcher has ever discussed about the origin of the ＂world＂ concept and its phenomenological connection with the ＂experience＂ concept.The study treats the relationship between experience and world as a core concept for tourism analysis.Through etymological analysis,two concepts in German which named Erlebnis（known as ＂lived-experience＂ in English） and Erfahrung（known as ＂experience＂ in English） are introduced and distinguished necessarily.Etymologically,lived-experience should be understood as an experience of certain thing.With the concept of Lebenwelt（known as ＂life-world＂ in English） coming from Heidegger＇s thought of habitation and world,this paper points out tourist experience is livedexperience but not is experience,and lived-experience be understood as an experience of arts.At the end of this conceptual and critical research three propositions were worked out：（1） arts reveal the world;（2） the experience of arts occur in the dispute between the world and the earth;（3） Spiel（known as ＂play＂ in English） is the art being.In the analysis of Heidegger＇s quaternary structure of ＂SkyEarth-Divinities-Mortals（known as ＂Himmel-Erde-G？tter-Mensch＂ in German）＂,researchers pointed out that there was an analysis path of ＂experience-art experience-world（ known as ＂Erlebnis-Erfahrung Der Kunst-Welt＂ in German）＂ for the consideration of tourism experience.The establishment of ＂God-World-Earth-Men＂ relationship reflected intensively an ideal inhabitation structure,which came true with the help of ＂plays＂.In combination with predecessors＇ analysis,researchers added more contents to the definition of tourism experience：tourism is made up of mobility and spiels.The analysis under the framework of play theory further pointed out that tourism world is closed by viewers.Compared with other participants,tourists,who appear as players and viewers,are given a priority methodologically in the ternary（player-play-viewer） structure of tourism and play.The above viewpoints offer a new possibility for the establishment of tourism experience interpretation framework.
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第9期12-23,共12页
Tourism Tribune
关键词
旅游
体验
生活世界
艺术经验
游戏
tourism
lived-experience
life-world
experience of arts
spiel（known as ＂play＂ in English）
