摘要
为明确不同基砧、中间砧对‘长富2号’幼树生长、结果习性的影响,确定晋中地区适宜的砧穗组合,对Y系、SH系、‘M26’矮化中间砧幼树进行连续观察。结果表明,不同基砧对树体生长量、早花习性的影响较小,矮化中间砧对‘长富2号’矮化、早果、提高果实品质的效果明显,不同矮化中间砧致矮、早花效果依次为‘Y-2’>‘Y-1’>‘SH1’>‘M26’>‘Y-3’,其中,‘Y-1’、‘Y-2’矮化中间砧早果性状明显,且能够有效解决‘长富2号’的大小年现象,‘M26’在晋中地区春季易发生抽条现象,建议在晋中地区栽植‘长富2号’时以‘Y-1’、‘Y-2’和‘SH1’中间砧苗木为主。此外,生产中‘Y-2’、‘Y-1’中间砧苗木可采用高密度[株行距(1~1.5)m×(3.5~4)m]栽植,‘SH1’、‘M26’可适当增大株距,采用(1.5~2)m×(3.5~4)m株行距栽植。
The young apple trees grafted on Y series, SH series and ‘M26＇ dwarfing interstocks werecontinuously observed in the experiment, in order to clarify the influence of different rootstocks and interstockson the growth and fruiting habit of Malus pumila‘Nagafu No.2＇, and determine the appropriate combination ofscion-rootstock in Jinzhong. The results showed that different rootstocks had less influence on tree growth andearly flowering habit, but different dwarfing interstocks obviously affected tree growth potential, early bearing,and improved fruit quality of M. pumila‘Nagafu No.2＇, the dwarfing and early flowering abilities were asfollows,‘Y-2＇,‘Y-1＇,‘SH1＇,‘M26＇,‘Y-3＇. Among these interstocks,‘Y-1＇ and ‘Y-2＇ had excellenttraits like dwarfing and early flowering, also did not have alternate bearing, but apple trees grafted on‘M26＇were tend to sprout in spring at Jinzhong, so‘Y-1＇,‘Y-2＇ and ‘SH1＇ should be planted as interstocks inJinzhong. In addition,‘Y-1＇and‘Y-2＇could use high density planting system with spacing between（1-1.5） m×（3.5-4） m, while‘SH1＇ and ‘M26＇ should have properly larger planting density with spacing between（1.5-2） m×（3.5-4） m.
出处
《中国农学通报》
2017年第23期16-21,共6页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
现代苹果产业技术体系晋中综合试验站(CARS-28)
"十二五"农村领域国家科技计划"早中熟优质多抗苹果
梨新品种
砧木选育研究"(20133BAD02B01-2)
公益性行业(农业)科研专项"苹果矮化砧木收集
评价
筛选与示范"(201203075-02)
山西省农科院育种工程"苹果砧木种质资源创新与新品种选育"(16yzgc070)
关键词
苹果
矮化砧木
'长富2号’
生长
果实品质
Malus pumila
dwarfing rootstock
Malus pumila ＇Nagafu No.2＇
growth
fruit quality
