摘要
本文基于CHNS数据和CHIP数据,使用普通最小二乘法和工具变量法,估计了1988-2013年间中国城镇居民教育回报率的变化趋势。研究发现:中国城镇居民的教育回报率在20世纪80年代末期到90年代初期维持在4%左右的低水平,从20世纪90年代中期开始快速提高,到2005年前后达到14%的最大值,此后下降并维持在11%的水平。其次,男性和女性的教育回报率都呈现出与全体居民教育回报率相同的变化趋势,但女性的教育回报率始终高于男性,变动幅度也比男性大。最后,普通最小二乘法估计低估了教育回报率,而且估计女性的教育回报率更易受到内生性偏误的影响。建议政府要重视教育等人力资本在资源配置中发挥的激励作用,不断提高劳动力市场的市场化程度和完善劳动力市场制度,保障教育的价值在劳动力市场上充分彰显。
Using CHNS and CHIP data, this paper takes OLS and IV techniques to estimate the long-term trend of the returns to education in urban China from 1988 to 2013. The paper finds that： firstly, the returns to education kept relatively low before 1995, increased rapidly until 2005 and then decreased. Secondly, the trends of the returns to education for female and male are almost the same. However, the returns to education for female was higher than that for male in the same year, and the returns to education for female is more unstable. Finally, the OLS estimates underestimate the returns to education and estimating the returns to education for female is more susceptible to endogenous bias. It suggests that the governments should pay attention to the role of human capital such as education in the resource allocation, and constantly improve the systems of labor market.
出处
《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第4期157-168,共12页
Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金北京师范大学自主科研基金"教育的人力资本功能与信号功能的经验检验"(SKZZY2015026)
