摘要
离子稀土矿开采过程中对地表植被的破坏导致矿区大面积水土流失及土地沙化,带来严重的生态环境问题,日益引起人们关注.采用27年的多时相Landsat遥感影像数据,以定南县岭北稀土矿区为研究案例,基于Albedo-NDVI特征空间理论,对岭北矿区1990年、1999年、2008年、2010年、2013年和2016年的荒漠化信息进行提取,定量监测与分析矿区荒漠化动态变化特征和规律,以及不同稀土开采模式和复垦措施对矿区土地荒漠化的影响.结果表明:(1)Albedo-NDVI特征空间方法指标简单易获取,可用于稀土矿区荒漠化定量的分析及监测;(2)1990—2016年以来,研究区域荒漠化的总面积呈波动变化,体现了不同稀土开采模式及复垦措施对矿区荒漠化的影响;(3)原地浸矿稀土开采技术和一系列积极的治理一定程度上遏制了荒漠化扩大趋势,有利于矿区环境治理;(4)从典型矿点荒漠过程分析中可知,稀土开采产生的裸露地表是矿区土地严重荒漠化的主要来源及区域.
The destruction of surface vegetation in the process of ionized rare earth mining leads to large area soil erosion and land desertification, which brings serious ecological and environmental problems. Using 27 years of multi-temporal Landsat remote sensing imageries, The desertification of Lingbei rare earth area in Dingnan County was studied. Based on the Space Theory of Albedo -NDYI Feature, the desertification information was collected, monitored quantitatively and analyzed in desertification dynamic characteristic and constant changing among the year of 1990, 1999, 2008, 2010,2013 and 2016 in study area. The results show that： （D Simple and easy to be accessed, Albedo- NDVI index feature space method can be used for the quantitative analysis and monitoring desertification in the rare earth region. （2） The total desertification area in the study area shows a fluctuant trend between 1990 and 2016, which shows the effects of different rare earth mining patterns and reclamation measures on the desertification of the mining area. （3） In situ leaching mining technology and the series of positive measures to a certain extent curb the expansion of desertification, which are conducive to the environmental management of the mining areas. （4） The analysis of desertification of the mining area shows that the exposed surface of rare earth mining is the main source for the land desertification.
出处
《有色金属科学与工程》
CAS
2017年第3期114-120,共7页
Nonferrous Metals Science and Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41561091)
江西省自然科学基金资助项目(20161BAB206143)
江西省教育厅科技课题(GJJ150659)
江西省社会科学规划课题资助(14YJ20)
