摘要
在纷繁复杂的国际政治经济形势下,世界各国政府卫生筹资水平表现出截然不同的发展趋势。文章试图通过实证研究对不同收入国家应采取何种卫生筹资政策进行探讨,利用世界银行1995~2014年203个国家的跨国面板数据,构建一次项线性和二次项非线性模型,考察了中高收入国家和中低收入国家政府卫生筹资对健康水平的影响。实证研究结果表明,中低收入国家政府卫生筹资的健康绩效始终为正,而中高收入国家政府卫生筹资的健康绩效呈"倒U型",且拐点位于政府卫生筹资占比为80%左右的水平。因此,文章建议:中低收入国家应努力提高政府卫生筹资占比,以促进国民健康水平的改善;中高收入国家应考虑政府卫生筹资健康促进的递减效应,当占比超过80%以后则不宜以继续加大投入为政策目标。当前,我国政府卫生筹资占比与最佳比例之间仍然存在不小差距,应在较长时期内逐步向80%的目标靠拢。此外,中西部地区和东部地区应采取差别化的筹资政策,前者应继续加大政府卫生投入,后者则应以改善政府卫生筹资效率为政策目标。
In the complicated international political and economic situation,countries all over the world show different trends in the development of government health financing.This paper attempts to explore what health financing policies should be adopted in different income-level countries through empirical research.Using data of 203 countries in 1995~2015,this paper analyzes the impact of government health financing's proportion on health status through constructing linear and nonlinear models.The empirical results show that the health performance of government health financing in low and middle-income countries is always positive;for high-middle income countries,it can be depicted as inverted U-shaped curve,and the position on peak value is at about80%.Therefore,this paper suggests that low and middle income countries should strive to improve the proportion of government health financing,to promote national health status;and high income countries should consider the diminishing trend of health promotion effect of government health financing.It would be inappropriate to select the policy goals of continuing increasing government health financing when the proportion has been over 80%.At present,there is still large gap between the proportion of government health financing and the optimal proportion,and we should gradually move closer to the goal of 80%over a long period of time.In addition,different financing policies should be adopted between the central&western regions and the eastern regions.The former should continue to increase government input in health financing,while the latter should aim at improving the efficiency of government health financing.
出处
《世界经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第6期40-49,共10页
World Economy Studies
