摘要
为定量评价修河上游流域森林生态系统的水源涵养功能,对流域内4种主要森林类型(杉木林、马尾松林、阔叶林、毛竹林)枯落物层和土壤层的结构、持水性能进行了研究。结果表明:(1)4种森林类型枯落物现存量的变化范围为3.50~5.99t/hm^2,其中杉木林枯落物的现存量最大,毛竹林最小;枯落物最大持水量表现为阔叶林>马尾松林>杉木林>毛竹林,说明阔叶林的枯落物层比针叶林和毛竹林有更大的水源涵养能力;(2)4种森林类型的土壤容重表现为马尾松林>杉木林>毛竹林>阔叶林,表明4种森林类型中,阔叶林更有利于改善土壤结构;土壤水源涵养能力表现为毛竹林(376.50t/hm^2)>阔叶林(373.17t/hm^2)>马尾松林(213.50t/hm^2)>杉木林(186.42t/hm^2);(3)林分枯落物层和土壤层的综合水源涵养能力表现为毛竹林>阔叶林>马尾松林>杉木林。结果说明修河上游流域阔叶林、毛竹林的水源涵养功能优于针叶林,建议加强保护阔叶林和毛竹林,适当改造针叶林,以提高当地森林生态系统的整体水源涵养能力。
To understand the soil water conservation functions of different types of forests in the upper reaches of Xiu River, the eco-hydrological functions of the litterfall and soil were studied in the four main types of forests （i. e., Cuninghamia lanceolata forests, Pinus massoniana forests, broadleaved forests, Phyl- lostachys heterocycla forests）. The results showed that： （1） the litter contents of the four types of forests ranged from 3.50〉5.99 t/hm^2 , and the largest was observed in C. lanceolata foress, while the lowest was found in Ph. heterocycla forest; the largest water-holding capacities of litterfall decreased in the order： broa- dleaved forest〉 P. massoniana forest ~ C. lanceolata forest 〉 Ph. heterocycla foress, which indicated that broadleaved forest had greater effect on soil water conservation than conifer forests; （2） the soil bulk densi- ties in the four types of forest decreased in the sequence of P. massoniana forests〉C, lanceolata forests〉Ph. heterocycla forests〉broadleaved forests, and the result showed that broadleaved forest was more beneficial to improve the soil structure; the water conservation of soil in Ph. heterocycla （376.50 t/hm^2） forest was the largest among the four types of forests, followed by broadleaved forest （373.17 t/hm^2） and P. massoniana forest （213.50 t/hm^2）, while C. lanceolata forest （186.42 t/hm^2） was lower; （3） the comprehensive soil water conservation of litterfall and soil decreased in the sequence： Ph. Heterocycla forests〉 broadleaved forests〉P, rnassoniana forests〉C, lanceolata forests. These results suggested that the soil water conserva- tion functions of broadleaved and Ph. heterocycla were superior to conifer forests, so we should do more to protect broadleaved and Ph. heterocycla.
出处
《水土保持研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2017年第4期337-341,348,共6页
Research of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
江西省林业厅办公室"江西省林业厅办公室关于开展江西省生态公益林监测试点工作的通知"(赣林办发[2015]104号)
关键词
修河上游
水源涵养
枯落物层
土壤层
upper reaches of Xiu river
soil water conservation tunctions
litteriall layer
soil layer
