摘要
观察24 d的高住高练低训(Hi Hi Lo)对上海优秀青年女子赛艇运动员血液指标的影响及在此期间的机能状态变化特点,以及Hi Hi Lo结束后各指标的保持情况。方法:以12名上海市优秀青年女子赛艇运动员为研究对象,进行24 d的Hi Hi Lo实验(模拟海拔高度2500~3 200 m)。实验前一周、Hi Hi Lo期间3周对运动员的各项指标进行检测,并在Hi Hi Lo结束后进行为期3周的跟踪测试,观察测试指标的变化。结果:(1)实验开始后,红细胞(RBC)、血红蛋白(Hb)持续升高,并在实验3周后达到最高值,较实验前分别升高7.7%、5%,其中RBC与实验前相比呈显著性差异(P<0.05),红细胞比容(Hct)低氧3周后升高5.3%,平均红细胞体积(MCV)、平均血红蛋白含量(MCH)、平均血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)变化不显著,Hi Hi Lo结束后无变化,与实验前水平基本一致。(2)Hi Hi Lo结束后,RBC、Hb、Hct都呈下降趋势,在实验结束3周后分别降低5%、3.4%、3.5%(P>0.05)。(3)24 d的Hi Hi Lo期间Hb和RBC的变化与血清睾酮(T)和血清睾酮/皮质醇(T/C)的变化并不一致,但各项机能指标都在正常范围。结论:为期24 d的Hi Hi Lo(2 500~3 200 m)提高了上海女子赛艇运动员的有氧能力,运动员在适应期(2 500 m)机能状态反应良好。在Hi Hi Lo期间采用机能状态指标进行实时机能监控有助于合理调整运动和低氧负荷。
objective： To observe the eflbcts of 24-day HiHiLo on blood indicators of Shanghai female rowers and the change characteristics of the functional status. Method： Twelve Shanghai female rowers were selected for 24-day HiHiLo experiment （simulating altitude of 2 500-3 200m）. The different indicators of all the subject,, were measured one week before the experiment, three weeks during the experiment and three weeks after the ex- periment so as to observe the changes of the indicators. Result： （1） When the experiment started, RBC and HI： continued to increase and reached the highest in three weeks. The increase reached 7.7% and 5% respectively RBC increased significantly （P〈0.05）, l-lct increased by 5.3% after three weeks in low oxygen condition. The changes of MCV,MCH and MCHC were not obvious and they were nearly the same as those before the experi- ment. （2） After the hypoxia experiment, RBC,Hb,llct were on the decline and reduced by 5%, 3.4% and 3.5% （P〉0.05） respectively three weeks after the experiment. （3） During the experiment, the changes of Hb and RBC did not accord with T and T/C, but each functional indicator changed in tile normal range. Conclusion： 24-da） HiHiLo （2 500-3 200m） improved Shanghai female rowers＇ aerobic capacity and the functional status of the ath- letes was in good condition during the adaptation period （2 500m）. The possible reasons for Hb and Hct＇s in- significant-difference changes may be due to the insufficient training intensity and load or the inadequate reserve, of iron in the body, which results in obstruction of HB synthesis. Adopting functional status indicators for re. al-time monitoring of ft, nction during HitliLo helps to reasonably adjust exercise and low oxygen load.
出处
《体育科研》
2017年第2期64-69,共6页
Sport Science Research
