摘要
目的分析四川省2011—2015年非洲输入性疟疾的流行病学特征,为输入性疟疾病例防控管理提供科学依据。方法收集2011—2015年全省非洲输入性疟疾病例资料,采用描述性流行病学方法对患者信息进行分析,用Excel表进行数据统计和作图分析。结果 2011—2015年四川省总共报告输入性疟疾病例1 131例,其中非洲输入病例890例,占78.69%,且呈逐年上升趋势,主要来自非洲的安哥拉、埃塞俄比亚、赤道几内亚、苏丹、尼日利亚、多哥、刚果等国家;其中间日疟258例,占28.99%,恶性疟583例,占65.51%,卵形疟27例,占3.03%,三日疟4例,占0.45%,混合感染18例,占2.02%;埃塞俄比亚以间日疟居多,占79.79%,其它地区如安哥拉、赤道几内亚、尼日利亚、多哥、刚果和塞拉利昂等国家以恶性疟居多,苏丹恶性疟和间日疟数量相当。成都市、广安市和南充市报告病例544例,占全省61.12%。男女比例为67.46∶1;患者以青壮年为主,平均年龄(39±9.13)岁;农民工677例,占76.07%;每月均有病例报告,5—8月报告病例484例,占54.38%;从发病到就诊平均(13.20±56)d;县级以上医疗机构报告873例,占98.09%;重症病例78例,重症恶性疟死亡病例12例。结论四川省非洲输入性疟疾病例呈上升态势,需要加强输入性疟疾病例管理,避免出现输入性继发病例,减少重症恶性疟死亡病例发生。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Africa-imported malaria cases in Siehuan Province, 2011-2015, so as to provide the evidence for the prevention and control of imported malaria. Methods The data of Africa-imported malaria eases from 2011 to 2015 were collected and analyzed with the descriptive epidemiological methods. Results From 2011 to 2015, 1 131 imported malaria cases were reported in Siehuan Province, and among them there were 890 Africa-imported eases （78.69%）, with an upward trend during the period. Among these Africa-imported malaria cases, most of them were from Angola, Ethiopia, Equatorial Guinea, Sudan, Nigeria, Togo, Congo and other countries. There were 258 （28.99%） vivax malaria eases, 583 （65.51%） faleiparum malaria cases, 27 （3.03%） ovale malaria eases, 4 （0.45%） quantan malaria cases, and 18 eases （2.02%） of mixed Plasmodium infections. Most of the malaria eases from Ethiopia were vivax malaria eases （79.79%）, and other eases from Angola, Equatorial Guinea, Nigeria, Togo, Congo and Sierra Leone were mainly faleiparum malaria cases, and the eases from Sudan were nearly half of vivax malaria eases and faleiparum malaria eases. There were 544 eases reported from Chengdu, Guang＇an and Nanehong cities, accounting for 61.12% of the total number of the province. The ratio of male to female was 67.46： 1. Most of the patients were young adults, and the average age was （39 ±9.13） years. Totally 677 patients were migrant workers, accounting for 76.07%. The malaria eases were reported monthly and there were 484 eases （54.38%） reported from May to August. The average time from the onset to seeing a doctor was （13.20 _＋ 56） days. A total of 873 eases （98.09%） were reported form the medical institutions above the county level. There were 78 severe cases including 12 severe falciparum malaria deaths. Conclusion The Africa-imported malaria cases are increased in Siehuan Province, and therefore, the relevant authorities should strengthen the management of imported malaria cases to avoid the secondary cases and decrease the severe faleiparum malaria deaths.
作者
吴小红
许国君
刘阳
李黎
邹晏
WU Xiaohong XU Guojun LIU Yang LI Li ZOU Yan(Siehuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Siehuan 610041, China)
出处
《中国热带医学》
CAS
2017年第5期492-495,共4页
China Tropical Medicine
关键词
疟疾
输入性
非洲
四川省
malaria
imported
Africa
Sichuan Province
