摘要
[目的]为了研究宁夏全封闭阳台小气候条件对蔬菜生长的影响。[方法]以樱桃番茄为供试蔬菜,采取水培和基质栽培2种模式,通过监测普通家居阳台冬季典型的较寒冷晴天和阴天的环境数据,并与日光温室对比,分析2种环境下不同栽培模式的蔬菜生长发育指标。[结果]结果表明,宁夏全封闭普通家居阳台冬季温度较高,晴天高出日光温室1.4~12.3℃;从一整天的空气湿度来看,同一时间日光温室始终高于家居阳台,晴天时最高高出331.5%(18:30);家居阳台和日光温室的光照时间和光照强度的变化趋势基本一致,但光照强度家居阳台要远远高于日光温室(晴天最高比日光温室高137.8%)。温室水培樱桃番茄的生长势及光合效率最强,其次是温室基质盆栽,阳台水培樱桃番茄生长势最弱。[结论]设施内环境因子是相互影响、相互制约的,满足单一环境条件都不能使蔬菜生育取得良好的结果,栽培中应依据不同季节阳台环境状况,有主有次、适时适度地调控环境条件,以促进蔬菜良好的生长发育。
[Purpose] To study the effects on vegetable growth of microclimate condition in fully enclosed balcony in Ningxia. [Method] The cherry tomato was tested and the two cultivation modes were used with hydroponics and substrate culture. Through monitoring the environmental data of ordinary household balcony in the typical cold winter sunny and cloudy day, compared with solar greenhouse, this paper analyzed the vegetable growth and development indexes in two environments and different cultivation modes. [Result] The results showed that the temperature in sunny day of the whole closed balconies was higher in winter than that in solar greenhouse 1.4 ~ 12.3 ~C in Ningxia. A day＇s air humidity showed that the solar green- house was always higher than the home balcony at the same time, the highest was 331.5% （18：30） higher than household balcony in sunny days. The change trend of illumination time and light intensity of house balcony and sunlight greenhouse were basically the same, and the light intensity of the home balcony was much higher than the solar greenhouse （the high- est was 137.8% higher than the sunlight greenhouse in sunny days）. The growth potential and photosynthetic efficiency of cherry tomato in the greenhouse were the strongest, followed by potted plants in greenhouse, and the hydroponic cherry tomato had the weakest growth potential. [Conclusion] The environment factors in the facilities are mutually influencing and mutually restricting, and the single environmental condition can＇t make the vegetable grow well. Based on different season balcony environmental conditions should be regulated, and timely and appropriate control of environmental conditions to pro-mote vegetable growth and development.
作者
张丽娟
曲继松
颜秀娟
朱倩楠
ZHANG Li-juan et al(Institute of Germplasm Resources, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan, Ningxia 75000)
出处
《宁夏农林科技》
2017年第1期15-17,共3页
Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology
基金
宁夏农林科学院科技先导资金项目(NKYJ-13-23
NKYJ-15-03)
