摘要
基于澜沧江流域33个气象站点1960-2014年的日最高气温、日最低气温、日平均气温资料,选用极端冷指标、极端暖指标等9个极端气温指数,对澜沧江流域近55年来极端气温的时空变化特征进行分析.结果表明:(1)极端冷指标在空间上存在差异性,受地形地势影响,各项指标的空间分布整体呈现明显的纬向分布特征,其中,年平均最低气温、冷日阈值、冷夜阈值整体呈现北低南高,冰冻日数、霜冻日数与之相对应,呈现相反的北高南低的分布趋势;(2)极端暖指标的空间分布也具有明显的纬向分布特征.暖日阈值、暖夜阈值的空间分布与年平均最高气温的空间分布相一致,整体呈现北低南高;(3)澜沧江流域的冷夜阈值、冷日阈值和年平均最低气温均呈上升趋势,霜冻日数、冰冻日数呈下降趋势;而极端暖指标均呈上升趋势,说明近55年来澜沧江流域的高温事件正在增加,而霜冻与冰冻等低温事件正在逐年减少.
According to the daily maximum temperature,minimum temperature,daily average temperature and daily total precipitation data of 33 weather station in Lancang River basin,the 8extreme temperature index,including extreme cold and warm indexes were used to analyze the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of the past 55 years in Lancang River basin.The results indicated：（1）extreme cold index is different in space,and the spatial distribution of each index has obvious zonal distribution characteristics.Among them,tnav,tnq10,tnq90 showed the north low and south high,txice and tnfd correspondingly decreased from north to south,opposite distribution trend;（2）The spatial distribution of extreme warm index has obvious zonal distribution.Txq10 and txq90are consistent with the spatial distribution of annual mean maximum temperature distribution,the overall presentation of the north south high low;（3）Tnq10,tnq90,tnav of the Lancang River basin showed an upward trend,and txice,tnfd showed a downward trend;While the extreme warm index showed an upward trend,indicating that the high temperature events in Lancang river basin are increasing in the past 55 years,and the frost and freezing and other and other low temperature events are decreasing year by year.
作者
王学
李少娟
裴顺强
吴巩胜
WANG Xue LI Shao-juan PEI Shun-qiang WU Gong-sheng(School of Urban Management and Resources Environment, Yunnan University of Finance and Economics, Kunming 650221, China CMA Public Meteorological Service Center, Beijing 100081, China)
出处
《云南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
2017年第2期64-72,共9页
Journal of Yunnan Normal University:Natural Sciences Edition
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40901050)
国家重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(2012CB955903)
关键词
极端气温变化
时空分布特征
澜沧江流域
Extreme temperature variation and regional differences
Lancang River basin
Trend analysis
