摘要
累积犯由德国学者库伦于20世纪80年代提出,其原型出自水污染犯罪,如今已拓展到对自然环境和人为制度等集体法益的保护。单独的累积危险行为不会产生法益侵害,也不具有法益侵害的具体危险或抽象危险,这使得累积犯突破了传统危险犯的结构而成为刑法最为极端的扩张形式。累积性侵害产生于大量行为真实的累积效应。累积犯并不必然违背罪责原则,但在责任自负原则下,累积犯的责任归属只能是个别性的。个别性责任归属的关键,在于确定累积危险行为。在立法上,累积犯采用标准化的行为模式,确切地说是诉诸行政性标准实现适度的犯罪化。累积犯集中于环境犯罪和经济犯罪领域,具有强烈的行政从属性,因而可视为现代刑法行政(法)化的重要表现。我国刑法中,既有自发地适用累积犯的有益实践,也存在不少亟待澄清的错误解读。
The concept of accumulative offences was put forward 30 years ago by German scholar Kuhlen. Its prototype is water pollution crime, but its scope of protection has now extended to collective legal interests of the natural environment and man-made systems. Because an accumulative dangerous act alone does not infringe any legal interest, nor does it pose specific or abstract danger to any legal interest, accumulative offence breaks the traditional structure of perilous offense and become the most extreme form of expansion of the criminal law. Accumulative damage arises from the real accumulative effect of many acts, and standardized behavior criteria, or administrative criteria, have been adopted in the establishment of accumulative office. Therefore, accumulative offense is an important manifestation of the administrativization of modern criminal law. In Chinese criminal law, there are both useful practice of spontaneous ap- plication of cumulative offense and many misconceptions about cumulative offense that need to be clarified.
出处
《环球法律评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2017年第2期162-178,共17页
Global Law Review
