摘要
东北三省是中国重要的粮食主产区、商品粮供给区和粮食增产潜力区,其粮食产量基本稳定在全国份额的20%。建设东北商品粮基地对于保障中国粮食安全、提高粮食自给率具有重要的战略意义。笔者以粮食生产能力、潜力和商品粮可供给能力作为优化商品粮基地县布局的主要依据,确定了重点建设区域、优势作物培育基地等共计65个县级单元,和以满足人均粮食播种面积为主、区域粮食生产为辅的规模经营试验基地县24个。研究表明优化后商品粮基地县每年可提供的商品粮量占东北三省商品粮总供给量的90.7%,能够有效增强区域粮食自给能力和商品粮供给能力。最后,从财政投入、粮食仓储与流通、改造中低产田、完善种粮保障和激励机制等方面对建设东北商品粮基地县提出了相关对策建议,研究结果为东北商品粮基地县布局开辟了新的路径。
Northeast China is the country＇s major grain production region, commercial grain supplying area,and the potential area of national grain growth. The grain output of northeast China accounts for 20% of that ofthe whole country steadily. The commercial grain bases construction in northeast China has strategical meaningfor national food security and grain self-sufficiency ratio. Taking the grain production ability, potential, and thesupplying capacity of commercial grain as criteria, the paper identifies 65 counties as major construction areas.Considering mainly the per capita grain grown area, the paper also chooses 24 counties as scale operatingexperiment bases. Results show that the optimized commercial grain base counties can supply 90.7% of thetotal commercial grain in northeast China. The optimization of commercial grain bases can strengthen theability of grain self-sufficiency and the capacity of commercial grain supply. In addition, the paper providessome countermeasures for the construction of commercial grain bases in northeast China, including increasingfinancial input, improving grain storage and distribution, transforming low yielding fields, and promotingincentives to grain production. The results can provide new option for spatial layout of commercial grain basesin northeast China.
作者
何秀丽
刘文新
He Xiuli Liu Wenxin(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102)
出处
《中国农学通报》
2017年第6期159-164,共6页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金项目"东北地区种粮大户耕地利用效率定量评估与优化调控研究"(41301111)
中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所"一三五"规划课题(Y6H2091001-3)
关键词
商品粮基地
粮食安全
布局优化
耕地压力指数
东北三省
commercial grain bases
food security
spatial layout optimization
the pressure index of cultivated land
northeast China
